UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of
the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.     )

Filed by the Registrant      

Filed by a Party other than the Registrant   

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Definitive Proxy Statement
Definitive Additional Materials
Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

Avis Budget Group, Inc.
 
(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
  
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

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March 29, 2016

Dear Fellow Stockholder:

You are cordially invited to attend the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Avis Budget Group, Inc., which will be held at the DoubleTree by Hilton Downtown Wilmington—Legal District, 700 N. King Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801 on Wednesday, May 25, 2016, at 11:00 a.m., Eastern Time. We look forward to greeting as many of our stockholders as possible.

This booklet includes the Notice of Annual Meeting and the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement describes the business to be conducted at the Annual Meeting and provides other information concerning our company of which you should be aware when you vote your shares.

Your vote is important to us. Whether or not you attend the Annual Meeting, it is important that your shares be represented and voted at the meeting.

On behalf of the Board of Directors and the employees of Avis Budget Group, Inc., we would like to thank you for being a stockholder and express our appreciation for your ongoing support of our Company.

Sincerely,


Larry D. De Shon
Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Operating Officer


Ronald L. Nelson
Executive Chairman of the Board


 

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Notice of 2016 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Avis Budget Group, Inc. (the “Company”) will be held on Wednesday, May 25, 2016, at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time, at the DoubleTree by Hilton Downtown Wilmington—Legal District, 700 N. King Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801 (the “Meeting”), to consider and vote upon the following matters:

1.

To elect as directors the thirteen nominees named in the accompanying proxy statement for a one-year term expiring in 2017 and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.

2.

To ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal year 2016.

3.

To provide advisory approval of the compensation of our named executive officers.

4.

To approve the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan.

5.

To transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

The Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on March 28, 2016 as the record date for the Meeting. Only stockholders of record at that time are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof. A list of stockholders entitled to vote at the Meeting will be available for examination by any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the Meeting, at the Meeting and for ten days prior to the Meeting during ordinary business hours at 6 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, New Jersey 07054, the Company’s principal place of business.

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials
for the Stockholder Meeting to Be Held on May 25, 2016

The Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A,
form of proxy card and 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K
are available at:

By Order of the Board of Directors


Jean M. Sera
Senior Vice President & Corporate Secretary

Dated: March 29, 2016


 

Proxy Statement

Table of Contents

     

 

 

Page

 

Proxy Summary

 

i

 

About the Annual Meeting

  

Corporate Governance

  

Board of Directors

  

Biographical Information for Nominees

  

Functions and Meetings of the Board of Directors

  

Director Independence

  

Board Leadership Structure

  

Risk Management and Risk Assessment

  

Communicating with the Board of Directors

  

Codes of Conduct

  

Board of Directors Meetings

  

Committees of the Board of Directors

  

Audit Committee

  

Compensation Committee

  

Corporate Governance Committee

  

Executive Committee

  

Succession Planning

  

Related Person Transactions

  

Shareholder Engagement

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners

  

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

  

Executive Officers

  

Executive Compensation

  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

  

Summary Compensation Table

  

Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table

  

Outstanding Equity Awards at Year-End Table

  

Option Exercises and Stock Vested Table

  

Pension Benefits Table

  

Non-qualified Deferred Compensation Table

  

Employment Agreements and Other Arrangements

  

Termination, Severance and Change of Control Arrangements

  

2015 Director Compensation

  

Report of Audit Committee

  

Proposals to Be Voted On at Meeting

  

Proposal No. 1: Election of Directors

  

Proposal No. 2: Ratification of Appointment of Auditors

  

Proposal No. 3: Advisory Approval of the Compensation of Our Named Executive Officers

  

Proposal No. 4: Approval of the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan

  

Stockholder Proposals for 2017 Annual Meeting

  

Additional Information

  

ANNEX A – Proposed Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan

 

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2016 Proxy Summary

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this proxy statement, including under "Executive Compensation," which includes a definition and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider and you should read the entire proxy statement carefully before voting.

Annual Meeting of Stockholders

Date and Time

May 25, 2016 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time

Place

DoubleTree by Hilton Downtown Wilmington—Legal District
700 N. King Street
Wilmington, Delaware 19801

Record Date

March 28, 2016

Voting Matters and Vote Recommendations

Voting Matters

Proposal
No.

Our Board’s Vote
Recommendation

Election of Directors (page 44)

1

“FOR” all thirteen director nominees

Ratification of Appointment of Auditors
(pages 45-46)

2

“FOR”

Advisory Approval of the Compensation of our Named Executive Officers (page 47)

3

“FOR”

Approval of the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and

Restated Equity and Incentive Plan (pages 48-53)

4

“FOR”

Corporate Governance Highlights

 


More than 80% of directors are independent


Independent Presiding Director


All members of Compensation, Corporate Governance and Audit Committees are independent


Annual election of the entire Board


Majority voting with a director resignation policy for directors in uncontested elections

 


Robust executive and director stock ownership guidelines


No incumbent director nominee who served on the Board in 2015 attended less than 75% of Board and Committee meetings held in 2015


Policy requiring annual performance evaluation of the Board

 

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2015 Company Performance

Our Company reported record results in 2015, achieving $8.5 billion in revenue and $903 million in Adjusted EBITDA, a year-over-year increase of 3%.  On a constant-currency basis, our revenue and Adjusted EBITDA grew 5% and 9%, respectively.  We also returned capital to our shareholders in 2015 through the repurchase of a record 8.8 million shares of common stock, representing 8% of our outstanding shares.  In spite of these records, our 2015 financial results were below the business plan goals we set for ourselves, and in 2015 our stock price declined, after having increased from $10.72 to $66.33 over the prior three years.  Since 2011, we have spent more than $1.0 billion on share and convertible note repurchases, which together have reduced our diluted share count by 22% from its peak in 2011. Our 2015 financial results reflect a continued focus on managing costs and driving efficiency as well as more investment in technology than ever before.


2015 Compensation for our Named Executive Officers

In 2015, following a long-standing succession planning process, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) announced that it had selected Larry D. De Shon as the Company's next chief executive officer, effective January 1, 2016, succeeding Ronald L. Nelson, who held the position since 2006. Mr. De Shon was also appointed to the Board. Mr. Nelson has agreed to continue as executive chairman to ensure a smooth transition of CEO responsibilities to Mr. De Shon.

In addition, David B. Wyshner assumed the role of the Company's President, effective January 1, 2016, adding to his responsibilities as Chief Financial Officer. Mark J. Servodidio, formerly Managing Director, Europe, was promoted and assumed Mr. De Shon's regional leadership responsibilities as President, International, and Joseph Ferraro continues to lead the Company's Americas region as President, Americas.

We believe that the management transitions described above have been implemented seamlessly and that the Company had a strong internal talent pool to draw upon to fill its leadership positions because of the Company’s successful talent development efforts over the last several years.

Compensation for our named executive officers in 2015 increased primarily as a result of the implementation of our succession plan, as described above. In connection with this plan, Mr. De Shon and Mr. Wyshner each received a special promotion restricted stock unit award with a grant date value of $3.0 million, and Mr. Nelson received a special transition restricted stock unit award with a grant date value of $2.0 million. Because our 2015 global Adjusted EBITDA results were below our business plan goals, most of our named executive officers received below-target payouts under the annual incentive program in keeping with our pay-for-performance philosophy.

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About the Annual Meeting

Why am I receiving these proxy materials?

The Board of Directors of Avis Budget Group, Inc. (the “Company” or “Avis Budget”) is soliciting your vote at the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and any adjournment or postponement thereof (the “Meeting”), to be held Wednesday, May 25, 2016 at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time, at the DoubleTree by Hilton Downtown Wilmington—Legal District, 700 N. King Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801, for the purposes set forth in this Proxy Statement. On or about April 4, 2016, the Company will first mail to certain stockholders of record the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials containing instructions on how to access this Proxy Statement online, or in the alternative, request a paper copy of the proxy materials and a proxy card, and also will first mail to certain other stockholders this Proxy Statement and proxy card.

What items will I be voting on and what are the Board’s voting recommendations?

Proposal

 

Board’s Voting
Recommendation

No. 1: Election of Directors (see page 44)

 

“FOR” each nominee

No. 2: Ratification of Appointment of Auditors (see pages 45-46)

 

“FOR”

No. 3: Advisory Approval of the Compensation of our Named Executive Officers

(see page 47)

 

“FOR”

No. 4: Approval of the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity

and Incentive Plan (see pages 48-53)

 

“FOR”

Could other matters be decided at the Meeting?

The Board of Directors is not aware of any other matters to be brought before the Annual Meeting. However, if any other matters properly come before the Meeting, the individuals named as proxies, or their duly constituted substitutes acting at the Meeting, will be authorized to vote or otherwise act thereon in accordance with their judgment on such matters.

How many votes do I have?

You will have one vote for every share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), you owned as of the close of business on March 28, 2016 (the “Record Date”).

 

How many votes can be cast by all stockholders?

95,281,721 votes, consisting of one vote for each of the Company’s shares of Common Stock that were outstanding on the Record Date. There is no cumulative voting, and the holders of the Common Stock vote together as a single class.

How many votes must be present to hold the Meeting?

One-third of the outstanding shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the Meeting, or 31,760,574 votes, must be present, in person or by proxy, to constitute a quorum at the Meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted for the purpose of determining whether a quorum is present.

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How many votes are required to elect directors and adopt the other proposals?

Proposal

Vote Requirement

Impact of Abstentions

No. 1: Election of Directors

 


Uncontested Election: Directors are elected by a majority of votes cast (number of votes cast “for” each nominee must exceed the number of votes cast “against” that nominee)


Contested Election: Plurality of shares present, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote

Not counted as votes cast “for” or “against” and will have no effect on the outcome

No. 2: Ratification of Appointment

of Auditors

Majority of shares present, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote

Counted and will have the same effect as a vote against such proposal

No. 3: Advisory Approval of the Compensation of our Named Executive Officers

Majority of shares present, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote

Counted and will have the same effect as a vote against such proposal

No. 4: Approval of the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan

Majority of shares present, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote

Counted and will have the same effect as a vote against such proposal

Under the by-laws of the Company, each incumbent director is required to submit a contingent, irrevocable resignation that the Board of Directors may accept if the director fails to receive the required vote for election or re-election in an uncontested election. The Corporate Governance Committee is required to make a recommendation to the Board as to the action to be taken with respect to the tendered resignation. The Board is required to act on the resignation within 90 days of the date of certification of election results.

A broker non-vote occurs when a broker does not have discretion to vote on a particular proposal and the broker has not received instructions from the beneficial owner of the shares of common stock as to how to vote on such proposal. If you hold your shares of Common Stock in “street name” and do not provide voting instructions to your broker within the required time frame before the Annual Meeting, your shares of Common Stock will not be voted by the broker for Proposal Nos. 1, 3 or 4, but the broker will have the discretion to vote your shares of Common Stock on Proposal No. 2. As a result, broker non-votes will have no effect on the outcome of Proposal Nos. 1, 3 or 4.

Why did certain stockholders receive in the mail a one-page Notice regarding Internet availability of this Proxy Statement rather than a printed copy?

To conserve natural resources and reduce costs, we are sending to a portion of our stockholders, based on ownership level, a Notice containing instructions on how to access this Proxy Statement online, as permitted by Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules. If you received a Notice of Internet Availability by mail, you will not receive a printed copy of this Proxy Statement in the mail. Instructions on how to access this Proxy Statement over the Internet or how to obtain printed copies, if you prefer, are set forth in such Notice.

How do I vote?

You should submit your proxy or voting instructions as soon as possible. If you received or requested printed copies of the proxy materials by mail, the materials will include a proxy card, for registered stockholders (that is, if you hold your stock directly in your name through our transfer agent), or a vote instruction form (“VIF”) for beneficial owners (if your shares are held in “street name” such as in a stock brokerage account, by a bank or other nominee). Whether you are a registered stockholder or hold any of your shares in “street name,” you may vote in the following ways:

By Phone

By Internet

If you received or requested printed copies of the proxy materials by mail, in the U.S. or Canada, vote by dialing the number on the proxy card/VIF

Follow the instructions included on the proxy card/VIF or Notice of Internet Availability

By Mail

In Person

If you received or requested printed copies of the proxy materials by mail, vote by marking, dating and signing the proxy card or VIF and returning it promptly in the envelope provided

Attend the Meeting and vote in person. If you hold any shares in “street name,” you may not vote in person unless you bring with you a legal proxy from the organization that holds your shares

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In all cases, the deadline for voting by telephone or via the Internet is 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on May 24, 2016.

Can I change my vote?

Yes. You may revoke your proxy at any time prior to the voting at the Meeting if, in accordance with the voting procedures described above, you:

 


vote again (including by phone or Internet by the applicable deadline); or


complete, sign, date and return a new proxy card or VIF with a later date; or


give timely written notice of such revocation to our Corporate Secretary at 6 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, N.J. 07054; or


attend the Meeting and vote in person.

What if I do not vote for some of the proposals?

Shares of Common Stock represented by proxies received by the Company (whether through the return of a proxy card or VIF), that do not contain voting instructions, or if you vote by telephone or electronically via the Internet without indicating how you want to vote, your shares will be voted:

 


“FOR” the election of all thirteen nominees for the Board of Directors (Proposal No. 1);


“FOR” the ratification of the appointment of auditors (Proposal No. 2);


“FOR” the proposal regarding advisory approval of the compensation of our named executive officers (Proposal No. 3); and


“FOR” the approval of the Avis Budget Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan (Proposal No. 4).

How do participants in savings plans vote?

If you hold shares of Common Stock in the “Avis Budget Group, Inc. Employee Savings Plan” or the “AB Car Rental Services Retirement Savings Plan for Bargaining Hourly Employees” (collectively, the “Savings Plans”), you will receive a proxy card that covers shares of Common Stock held for you in the Savings Plans. In accordance with the provisions of the Savings Plans, the respective trustees will vote your shares of Common Stock as you have directed. To the extent such instructions are not received prior to noon Eastern Time on May 18, 2016, the trustees of the Savings Plans will vote the shares of Common Stock with respect to which it has not received instructions proportionately in accordance with the shares of Common Stock for which it has received instructions. Instructions given with respect to shares of Common Stock in accounts of the Savings Plans may be changed or revoked only in writing, and no such instructions may be revoked after noon Eastern Time on May 18, 2016. Participants in the Savings Plans are not entitled to vote in person at the Meeting.

Do I need a ticket to attend the Meeting?

Yes. Admission will be by ticket only. Admission to the Meeting will be expedited if tickets are obtained in advance.

 


Registered stockholders: Bring the bottom portion of the proxy card enclosed with this Proxy Statement (or obtained via the Internet) as your Meeting ticket. Notices will not be accepted as a Meeting ticket.


Beneficial owners: If you own shares of Common Stock through an intermediary, such as a bank or broker, request tickets in writing from the Corporate Secretary at Avis Budget Group, Inc., 6 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, N.J. 07054. Please include proof of ownership, such as a bank or brokerage firm account statement or letter from the broker, trustee, bank or nominee holding your stock, confirming beneficial ownership as of the Record Date.


Stockholders without advance tickets: Stockholders who do not obtain tickets in advance may obtain tickets on the Meeting date at the registration desk upon verifying their stock ownership as of the Record Date.

Attendance at the Meeting will be limited to stockholders as of the Record Date, their authorized representatives and guests of the Company. Tickets may be issued to others at the discretion of the Company. In accordance with the Company’s security procedures, all persons attending the Meeting must present picture identification along with their admission ticket or proof of beneficial ownership in order to gain admission. Cameras and recording devices will not be permitted at the Meeting.

How can I find the voting results of the Annual Meeting?

Voting results will be tallied by the inspector of election. The Company will report the final results in a Current Report on Form 8-K, to be filed with the SEC within four business days following the Meeting.

How can I access the Company’s proxy materials and annual report electronically?

This Proxy Statement and the Company’s 2015 Annual Report may be viewed online at www.edocumentview.com/CAR. If you are a stockholder of record, you can elect to receive future annual reports and

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proxy statements electronically by following the instructions provided if you vote via the Internet or by telephone, or by enrolling through the transfer agent’s website at www.envisionreports.com/CAR. If you choose this option, you will receive a proxy form in April 2017 listing the website locations where proxy materials will be posted, and your choice will remain in effect until you notify us by mail that you wish to resume mail delivery of these documents. If you hold your shares of Common Stock through a bank, broker or another holder of record, refer to the information provided by that entity for instructions on how to elect this option.

How does a stockholder nominate someone to be a director?

Director nominations may be made by a stockholder so long as the qualifying stockholder follows the procedures outlined in the amended and restated by-laws of the Company. Pursuant to our by-laws, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given the proper notice within the specific time limits set forth in the relevant provision therein. For the 2017 annual meeting, the Company must receive this notice on or before February 24, 2017. Such notice and nomination should be submitted in writing to the Corporate Secretary of the Company and should include the information required for stockholder nominations set forth in the Company’s by-laws.

A copy of the full text of the Company’s by-law provision describing the procedure for stockholder nominations may be accessed in the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of the Company’s website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com. Nothing contained in any section of the Company’s website is incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement.

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Corporate Governance

Board of Directors

The Board of Directors (the “Board”) currently consists of thirteen members. Each of the directors elected at the Meeting will serve for a term of one year expiring at the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. The name of each present director, his or her position with the Company, and principal occupations and directorships held with other public companies during the past five years are set forth below. In addition to the information presented below regarding each director’s experience, skills and attributes that contribute to the effectiveness of the Board as a whole, we believe each director possesses valuable business management and leadership skills, demonstrates an ability to exercise sound judgment and business acumen, and brings unique perspective to the Board.

Biographical Information for Nominees

RONALD L. NELSON

Executive Chairman of the Board
Board Committees: Executive (Chair)

Mr. Nelson, age 63, has been Chairman of the Board of Avis Budget Group, Inc. since August 2006, and was a member of the Board of Cendant Corporation (as we were previously known) from April 2003 to August 2006. Mr. Nelson served as Chief Executive Officer of the Company from August 2006 until December 31, 2015, and also held the titles of President and Chief Operating Officer from June 2010 until October 2015. Previously, Mr. Nelson held several executive finance and operating roles, starting in April 2003, with Cendant Corporation, including as Chief Financial Officer and President. From November 1994 to March 2003, Mr. Nelson was Co-Chief Operating Officer of DreamWorks SKG. Prior thereto, he was Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and a director at Paramount Communications, Inc., formerly Gulf + Western Industries, Inc. Mr. Nelson serves on the boards of Convergys Corporation and Hanesbrands, Inc., which both file reports pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer experience


Extensive Company and industry experience


Significant operating and financial expertise

 

LARRY D. DE SHON

Board Committees: Executive

Mr. De Shon, age 56, has been Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Avis Budget Group, Inc. since January 1, 2016 and has been a director since October 2015. Previously, Mr. De Shon held the title of President and Chief Operating Officer from October 2015 through December 2015, President, International from January 2015 until October 2015, President, Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) from October 2011 until January 2015, and Executive Vice President, Operations from October 2006 through October 2011. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. De Shon spent 28 years at United Airlines, starting as a customer service representative and advancing to hold a number of positions of increasing responsibility during his tenure, including Senior Vice President positions in marketing, on-board service and global airport operations.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Chief Executive Officer experience


Extensive operating experience


International experience


Significant Company and industry experience

 

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ALUN CATHCART

Board Committees: Audit

Mr. Cathcart, age 72, has been a director since October 2011. Mr. Cathcart was non-executive Chairman of the Board of Avis Europe Plc from May 2004 through October 2011 and also served as Chairman of the Nominations Committee and a member of the Remuneration Committee. Mr. Cathcart served as a member of the Board of Avis Europe from 1997 until it was acquired by Avis Budget Group in 2011. From 1983 to 1999, Mr. Cathcart was Chairman and Chief Executive of Avis Europe and he also served as Interim Chief Executive from November 2003 until March 2004. Mr. Cathcart spent 14 years in executive positions in the transportation industry before joining Avis Europe in 1980. Mr. Cathcart serves as Chairman of Palletways Group Limited.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Chief Executive Officer experience


Extensive industry experience


Broad international experience, particularly in Europe


Financial expertise

BRIAN J. CHOI

Board Committees: Compensation

Mr. Choi, age 32, has been a director since January 2016. Mr. Choi is a partner at SRS Investment Management LLC and certain of its affiliates and has served in various roles at SRS since October 2008. Previously, Mr. Choi was at Metalmark Capital from 2007 to 2008 and he also served as an analyst in the Leveraged Finance Group at Lehman Brothers from 2005 to 2007. Mr. Choi was appointed to the Board pursuant to the terms of a cooperation agreement dated January 25, 2016 between our Company and SRS Investment Management, our largest stockholder at such time (the “Cooperation Agreement”).

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Financial expertise


Industry expertise


Diverse personal background

 

MARY C. CHOKSI

Board Committees: Audit, Corporate Governance

Ms. Choksi, age 65, has been a director since March 2007. Ms. Choksi has been a Senior Advisor at Strategic Investment Group since August 2015. Previously, Ms. Choksi was Founding Partner and Senior Managing Director of Strategic Investment Group (“Strategic”), an investment management group founded in 1987, which designs and implements global investment strategies for large institutional and individual investors. Within Strategic, Ms. Choksi has been a member of the investment strategy group charged with overseeing the asset mix of globally diversified client portfolios, has supervised reporting to all clients and has had responsibilities in corporate planning. Ms. Choksi was also a Founding Partner and, until May 2011, a Managing Director at Emerging Markets Investors Corporation (“EMI”). EMI and its successor, Ashmore EMM, manage portfolios of marketable equities in the emerging markets of Asia, Europe, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East on behalf of institutional and private investors. Prior to the establishment of Strategic and EMI, Ms. Choksi worked in the Pension Investment Division of the World Bank, which was responsible for investing the institution's pension plan. Before joining the Bank's finance complex, she worked for nine years in the development arm of the Bank, working on South and Southeast Asia. Ms. Choksi also serves on the board of Omnicom Group Inc., which files reports pursuant to the Exchange Act, and is a member of Omnicom's Audit and Finance Committees. Ms. Choksi also serves as a trustee of various mutual funds in the Franklin Funds family.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Financial and executive management expertise


Broad international experience


Diverse personal background

 

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LEONARD S. COLEMAN

Presiding Director
Board Committees: Compensation, Corporate Governance (Chair)

Mr. Coleman, age 67, has been a member of the Board of Avis Budget Group, Inc. since August 2006, and was a member of the Board of Cendant Corporation (as we were previously known) from 1997 to August 2006. Mr. Coleman was a Senior Advisor to Major League Baseball from 1999 to December 2005. Mr. Coleman was the President of The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs from 1994 to 1999, having served from 1992 to 1994 as Executive Director, Market Development of Major League Baseball. Previously, Mr. Coleman was a municipal finance banker for Kidder, Peabody & Company. Prior to joining Kidder, Mr. Coleman served as commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs and the Department of Energy, and chairman of the Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission and the New Jersey Housing and Mortgage Finance Agency. He also served as the vice chairman of the State Commission on Ethical Standards, and a member of the Economic Development Authority, Urban Enterprise Zone Authority, Urban Development Authority, State Planning Commission and New Jersey Public Television Commission. Mr. Coleman is also a director of the following corporations which file reports pursuant to the Exchange Act: Aramark Holdings Corporation, Electronic Arts Inc. and Omnicom Group Inc. Mr. Coleman previously served on the board of Churchill Downs Incorporated.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


History with the Company


Public service background


Executive management experience


International experience


Diverse personal background

JEFFREY H. FOX

Board Committees: Compensation

Mr. Fox, age 54, has been a director since July 2013. Mr. Fox is a principal of The Circumference Group LLC, an investment and advisory firm which he founded in 2009. Mr. Fox was President and Chief Executive Officer of Convergys Corporation from 2010 to November 2012, and then Executive Chairman until April 2013. Previously, Mr. Fox worked for Alltel Corporation as Chief Operating Officer from 2007 through 2008, and as a Group President from 1996 until 2007. Prior to joining Alltel, Mr. Fox worked in investment banking for ten years with Stephens Inc., preceded by two years with Merrill Lynch, specializing in mergers and acquisitions advisory services. Mr. Fox also currently serves as non-executive Chairman of the Board of Convergys Corporation, a company that files reports pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer experience


Technology expertise


Significant operating experience


Financial expertise

JOHN D. HARDY, JR.

Board Committees: Compensation (Chair)

Mr. Hardy, 72, has been a director since April 2008. From 1973 until his retirement in 2008, Mr. Hardy was first an associate and later a partner at the law firm of O'Melveny & Myers LLP, where he practiced corporate and securities law and served on the firm's compensation and bonus committee. From June 2008 through June 2009, Mr. Hardy was a partner at the law firm of Venable LLP, where he focused on recruitment and practice development for the firm's West Coast business practice.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Extensive legal background


Significant securities law expertise


Compensation experience

 

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LYNN KROMINGA

Board Committees: Audit, Compensation

Ms. Krominga, age 65, has been a director since October 2006. Ms. Krominga is a management consultant and attorney. Since 1999, Ms. Krominga has been a consultant to private equity and venture capital investors, in which capacity she served in a number of operating and board positions, including Chief Executive Officer of Fashion Wire Daily, Inc.; Director and member of the Audit Committee of AHAVA, a global cosmeceuticals company; and advisor to London-based Apax Partners for acquisitions in Israel and the United States. She is the former President (and founder) of the Revlon Worldwide Licensing Division, and previously served as General Counsel and as International Counsel for Revlon's global operations. Until January 2013 (when the company was sold), Ms. Krominga served as Lead Director of Sunrise Senior Living, Inc. From March through November 2008, she served as Chairman of the Board of Sunrise Senior Living; as Chairman of the Compensation Committee from 2008 to 2011; and as a member of the Audit, Compensation and Governance Committees from 2007 to 2013. Prior to joining Revlon, she was an attorney at American Express Company and an associate at Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Significant legal, governance, licensing and regulatory expertise


International experience


Executive management experience and financial expertise


Diverse personal background

 

EDUARDO G. MESTRE

Board Committees: Executive

Mr. Mestre, age 67, has been a director since July 2008. Mr. Mestre has been Senior Advisor of Global Advisory at Evercore Partners Inc., an independent investment banking advisory firm, since April 2014. From February 2012 until April 2014, he was a Senior Managing Director and Chairman of Global Advisory of Evercore Partners, and from October 2004 until February 2012, he was a Vice Chairman of Evercore Partners. Prior to joining Evercore, Mr. Mestre served as Chairman of Investment Banking at Citigroup, among numerous leadership positions he held during a 27-year career there. Mr. Mestre also serves as a director of Comcast Corporation, a company that files reports pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Financial expertise


Extensive advisory experience


Diverse personal background

F. ROBERT SALERNO

Board Committees: Executive

Mr. Salerno, age 64, has been a director since August 2006. Mr. Salerno was previously Vice Chairman of the Company from June 2010 through December 2011, and President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company from August 2006 to June 2010. For nearly 30 years, Mr. Salerno held numerous leadership positions with the Company, including as chief executive of Cendant's vehicle rental business and as President and Chief Operating Officer of Avis from 1996 to November 2002. Mr. Salerno serves on the board of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings, Ltd., which files reports pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Chief Operating Officer experience


Extensive Company and industry experience


Significant operating experience

 

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STENDER E. SWEENEY

Board Committees: Audit (Chair), Corporate Governance

Mr. Sweeney, age 77, has been a director since August 2006. Mr. Sweeney has been a financial advisor and equity investor in several privately held enterprises since 1998. In 1997, Mr. Sweeney served in a senior financial and operating capacity for a joint venture between DreamWorks SKG and Pacific Data Images. From 1995 to 1996, Mr. Sweeney was the Chief Executive Officer and a director of Vehicle Information Network, a database management and marketing company. From 1994 to 1995, Mr. Sweeney was the Chief Financial Officer and Principal of The Onyx Group, a shopping center development and management company. From 1968 to 1994, Mr. Sweeney served in various positions at The Times Mirror Company, the last eight years of which as Vice President, Finance. Mr. Sweeney serves on the board of the Payden & Rygel Investment Group, which files reports pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Operating experience


Accounting expertise


Financial expertise

 

SANOKE VISWANATHAN

Board Committees: None

Mr. Viswanathan, age 40, has been a director since March 2016. Mr. Viswanathan has been the Chief Administrative Officer of JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s Corporate & Investment Bank, overseeing technology, operations and controls since 2014.  Previously, Mr. Viswanathan was head of strategy, marketing and new business development for the Corporate & Investment Bank from 2012 to 2013 and head of corporate strategy for JPMorgan Chase from 2010 to 2012.  Prior to joining JPMorgan Chase, Mr. Viswanathan was a partner at McKinsey & Co. and co-head of its global corporate and investment banking practice, serving financial institutions in Asia, Europe and North America on strategy, organization and risk management topics. Mr. Viswanathan has been on the Board of Sadler’s Wells Theatre in London since 2014. Mr. Viswanathan was appointed to the Board pursuant to the terms of the Cooperation Agreement.

Specific Qualifications, Attributes, Skills and Experience:

 


Technology, operating, strategy, marketing and business development experience


Risk management and controls expertise


Advisory experience


International experience


Diverse personal background

Functions and Meetings of the Board of Directors

The Company’s corporate governance guidelines, director independence criteria, committee charters, codes of conduct and other documents setting forth the Company’s corporate governance practices can be accessed in the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of the Company’s website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com.

Director Independence

To determine director independence, our Board of Directors reviews commercial and charitable relationships of each director to evaluate such director’s independence in accordance with the listing standards of the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) and pursuant to our own director independence criteria, which can be accessed on our website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com. In conducting its review, the Board of Directors considers a number of factors, including the director’s and his or her family members’ relationships with the Company and its subsidiaries, affiliates, executive officers and auditors and his or her relationships with foundations, universities and other non-profit organizations to which the Company has made a certain level of contributions during the past three years.

After evaluating the factors described above, the Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that eleven of our current directors are independent in accordance with NASDAQ corporate governance listing standards and our own director independence criteria. In determining that Mr. Viswanathan is independent, the Board of Directors considered that he is employed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (“JPM”) and that JPM and its affiliates provide various commercial banking, investment banking and other financial services to the Company and its subsidiaries for which they have received customary fees. However, the Board did not believe that the Company’s relationship with JPM impacted the independence of Mr. Viswanathan for the following reasons:

 


JPM is a large multi-national financial institution; and the Company has had a relationship with JPM for many years prior to Mr. Viswanathan’s appointment to the

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Board as well as Mr. Viswanathan’s employment with JPM;


Mr. Viswanathan has no involvement (either in his capacity as a director of the Company or as an employee of JPM) in the selection of JPM to provide the services described above or the terms or pricing of any such services, and is not directly involved in the provision of services to the Company as his role with JPM involves primarily overseeing technology, operations and controls of JPM’s Corporate & Investment Bank segment;


the Company utilizes a variety of financial institutions to provide commercial banking, investment banking and other financial advisory services;


JPM was not involved in the process of Mr. Viswanathan being selected to serve on the Board; and


Mr. Viswanathan’s appointment was recommended to the Board by SRS pursuant to the Cooperation Agreement.

Independent Directors

Alun Cathcart
Brian J. Choi

Mary C. Choksi
Leonard S. Coleman
Jeffrey H. Fox

 

John D. Hardy, Jr.
Lynn Krominga
Eduardo G. Mestre
F. Robert Salerno
Stender E. Sweeney

Sanoke Viswanathan

We also maintain a Corporate Governance Committee, a Compensation Committee and an Audit Committee, and all of the directors serving on these committees are independent based upon NASDAQ corporate governance listing standards and our own director independence criteria.

Board Leadership Structure

Our current Board leadership structure consists of:

 


Executive Chairman of the Board: Ronald L. Nelson;


Chief Executive Officer: Larry D. De Shon;


Presiding Director (our independent lead director): Leonard S. Coleman; and


Fully independent Compensation, Corporate Governance and Audit Committees.

The Board of Directors, which is comprised of individuals who have extensive experience with board processes, has determined that the current leadership structure, as described above, best serves the Company and its stockholders.

The Board split the roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman when Mr. Nelson stepped down from the role of Chief Executive Officer at the end of 2015. However, the Board does not currently have a requirement that the roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board be separated, because the Board believes it is in the best interests of our Company to make this determination based on the position and direction of our Company and the constitution of the board and management team from time to time.

The Board believes that the recent implementation of a carefully considered succession plan demonstrates that the Board takes seriously its responsibility to determine who should serve as Chairman at any point in time in light of the specific circumstances facing our Company. In September 2015, after careful consideration, the Board determined that having Mr. Nelson serve as Chairman is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders at this time. Mr. Nelson, who served as the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer until December 31, 2015, currently continues to serve as our Chairman following Mr. De Shon’s appointment as Chief Executive Officer effective as of January 1, 2016. Mr. Nelson’s knowledge of our Company’s operations and strategy provide a valuable resource to both the Board and Mr. De Shon, which has helped facilitate a smooth transition of the Chief Executive Officer role. Mr. Nelson also has significant knowledge of the people, information and resources necessary to facilitate effective communication between management and the Board, which contributes to an efficient and effective board.

The independent members of the Board have designated Mr. Coleman to serve in the position of Presiding Director. The position of Presiding Director was established by the Board to designate an independent lead director whose primary responsibilities include:

 


presiding at all meetings of the Board at which the Chairman of the Board is not present, including periodic executive sessions of the independent members of the Board of Directors;


serving as liaison between the Chairman of the Board and the independent directors;


advising the Chairman of the Board with respect to information, meeting schedules and agendas sent to the Board;


providing advice with respect to the selection of committee chairs and performing other duties that the Board of Directors may from time to time delegate to assist it in the fulfillment of its responsibilities, including the authority to call meetings of the independent directors of the Board;


serving as the principal liaison for stockholder communications directed specifically to the Board;

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leading the Board’s annual self-evaluation;


leading the Board’s involvement in succession planning; and


assisting in assuring compliance with, and implementation of, the Corporate Governance Guidelines.

Such delegation of well-defined responsibilities to a lead independent director helps ensure that an appropriate independent leadership structure is in place.

Mr. Coleman brings a history of leadership experience as a lead independent director. As our Presiding Director, Mr. Coleman provides the Board with independent leadership and facilitates the independence of the Board from management.

Risk Management and Risk Assessment

Management is responsible for assessing risk and for day-to-day risk management activities. The Board executes its oversight responsibility for risk assessment and risk management, acting directly and through its Committees, as follows:

Board/Committee

Responsibility/Role

Audit Committee

 


Assists in the Board’s oversight of the Company’s:

 

 

 


major financial risk exposures and the steps management has undertaken to control such risks;


risks associated with information technology and cybersecurity; and

 

 

 


compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

Compensation Committee

 


Oversees risks associated with our compensation policies and practices with respect to executive compensation.

Corporate Governance Committee

 


Oversees risks associated with corporate governance.

Full Board

 


Receives reports from the Committees at every regular Board meeting.

 

 


Considers specific risk topics.

 

 


Receives regular reports from members of senior management that include discussion of the risks and exposures involved in their respective areas of responsibility. Such reports are provided in connection with and discussed at Board meetings.

In 2016, consistent with past practice, management reviewed the Company’s compensation policies and practices for employees generally as they relate to risk management. As part of this process, management reviewed the Company’s incentive compensation programs applicable to all employees with the chairmen of the Audit and Compensation Committees and the compensation consultant engaged by the Compensation Committee to determine whether such programs create incentives that might motivate inappropriate or excessive risk-taking. In the course of such review, mitigating features of the Company’s incentive compensation programs were considered, including: (1) the Company’s recoupment policies; (2) that virtually all of the Company’s annual incentive programs allow for “downward discretion,” which permits the Company to reduce incentive compensation payouts; and (3) that executive officers are subject to share ownership and retention guidelines. As a result of this process, there were no recommended changes to the Company’s incentive compensation programs.

Communicating with the Board of Directors

Stockholders and other interested parties may send communications directly to the Board of Directors by writing to the following address:

 


Board of Directors, c/o the Corporate Secretary, Avis Budget Group, Inc., 6 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, N.J. 07054.

In addition, all parties interested in communicating directly with the Presiding Director or with any other independent director may do so by writing to Avis Budget Group, Inc. at the same address, Attention: Presiding Director, c/o the Corporate Secretary or via e-mail at presiding.director@avisbudget.com. The Presiding Director is responsible for reviewing and distributing all interested parties’ communications received to the

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intended recipients and/or to the full Board of Directors, as appropriate.

Codes of Conduct

The Board of Directors has adopted a code of conduct that applies to all officers and employees, including the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. The Board of Directors has also adopted a code of business conduct and ethics for directors. Both codes of conduct are available in the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of the Company’s website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com. The purpose of these codes of conduct is to promote honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; to promote full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in periodic reports required to be filed by the Company; and to promote compliance with all applicable rules and regulations that apply to the Company and its officers and directors.

Board of Directors Meetings

The Board of Directors held seven meetings during 2015. In 2015, all incumbent directors who served on the Board in 2015 attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors on which they served. We expect all directors to attend each regularly scheduled Board of Directors meeting. All directors are welcome to attend the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders, and our goal is for a representative of each of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Corporate Governance Committee to be present at each annual meeting. The 2015 annual meeting of stockholders was attended by five directors, including the Chairman of each of the Audit, Compensation and Corporate Governance Committees.

Committees of the Board of Directors

The standing committees of the Board include: the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Corporate Governance Committee and the Executive Committee.

Name

Audit

Compensation

Corporate
Governance

Executive

Alun Cathcart

 

 

 

Brian J. Choi

 

 

 

Mary C. Choksi

 

 

Leonard S. Coleman

 

Chair

 

Larry D. De Shon

 

 

 

Jeffrey H. Fox

 

 

 

John D. Hardy, Jr.

 

Chair

 

 

Lynn Krominga

 

 

Eduardo G. Mestre

 

 

 

Ronald L. Nelson

 

 

 

Chair

F. Robert Salerno

 

 

 

Stender E. Sweeney

Chair

 

 

Sanoke Viswanathan

 

 

 

 

Committee Meetings Held in 2015

8

7

4

--*

 

*

The Executive Committee acted solely by unanimous consent in 2015.

The charters of each of the Audit, Compensation and Corporate Governance Committees, respectively, can be found in the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of the Company’s website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee assists in the Board’s oversight of:

 


the integrity of the Company’s consolidated financial statements;


the Company’s independent auditors’ qualifications and independence;


the performance of the Company’s independent auditors and the Company’s internal audit function;

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the Company’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements;


the Company’s systems of disclosure controls and procedures, and internal controls over financial reporting; and


the Company’s major financial risk exposures and the steps management has undertaken to control such risks.

The Board of Directors has determined that all members of the Audit Committee are independent directors under the Company’s Director Independence Criteria and within the meaning of applicable NASDAQ rules, and that each member of the Audit Committee has the ability to read and understand fundamental financial statements. The Board of Directors has determined that each member of the Audit Committee qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the rules of the SEC, thereby satisfying NASDAQ’s “financial sophistication” requirement.

Compensation Committee

The primary responsibilities of the Compensation Committee include to:

 


review and approve corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer and determine and approve the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation;


review and approve individual elements of total compensation for our other executive officers;


review and approve our annual and long-term incentive compensation programs and plans;


review and approve all stock option and other equity awards;


assess the results of the Company’s most recent advisory vote on executive compensation; and


evaluate whether compensation arrangements for executive officers incentivize unnecessary risk-taking.

We refer you to “Executive Compensation” below for additional information regarding the Compensation Committee’s processes and procedures.

The Board of Directors has determined that each member of the Compensation Committee is an independent director in accordance with NASDAQ listing standards and the Company’s Director Independence Criteria, an outside director for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), and a non-employee director for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

Corporate Governance Committee

General

The responsibilities of the Corporate Governance Committee include identifying and recommending to the Board of Directors appropriate director nominee candidates and providing oversight with respect to corporate governance matters. The Board of Directors has determined that each of the current members of the Corporate Governance Committee qualifies as an independent director under applicable NASDAQ rules and the Company’s Director Independence Criteria.

In 2016, the Corporate Governance Committee voted to waive the mandatory retirement age contained in our Corporate Governance Guidelines with respect to Mr. Sweeney’s 2016 Board nomination. In reaching this determination, the Corporate Governance Committee considered Mr. Sweeney’s extensive knowledge and experience, his deep understanding of the Company’s business and his leadership as Chair of the Audit Committee, and concluded that the Corporation would benefit from his continued service as a member of the Board. The Corporate Governance Committee will re-evaluate this waiver of Mr. Sweeney’s retirement on an annual basis.

Director Nomination Procedures

The Corporate Governance Committee considers the appropriate balance of experience, skills and characteristics required of members of the Board of Directors. Nominees for director positions are selected on the basis of their depth and breadth of experience, wisdom, integrity, ability to make independent analytical inquiries, understanding of the Company’s business environment, and willingness to devote adequate time to the duties associated with being a member of the Board of Directors.

The Corporate Governance Committee will consider written proposals from stockholders for candidates to be nominees for director positions. In considering candidates submitted by stockholders, the Corporate Governance Committee will take into consideration the needs of the Board of Directors and the qualifications of the candidate. Any such proposal should be submitted to the Corporate Governance Committee, c/o the Corporate Secretary of the Company, at Avis Budget Group, Inc., 6 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, N.J. 07054, and should include the following: (a) the name of the stockholder and evidence of such stockholder’s beneficial ownership of the shares of Common Stock, including the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned and the length of time of such beneficial ownership; and (b) the name of the candidate, such candidate’s resume or a listing of his or her

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qualifications to be a director of the Company and such candidate’s consent to be named as a director, if selected by the Corporate Governance Committee, nominated by the Board of Directors and elected. The written proposal should be submitted in the time frame and consistent with the requirements described in the by-laws of the Company and under the caption “Stockholder Proposals for 2017 Annual Meeting” below.

The Corporate Governance Committee’s process for identifying and evaluating candidates to be nominees to the Board of Directors is typically initiated by identifying a candidate who meets the criteria for selection as a nominee and has the specific qualities or skills being sought based on input from members of the Board of Directors and, if the Corporate Governance Committee deems appropriate, a third-party search firm which would help the Board to identify candidates. These candidates are evaluated by the Corporate Governance Committee by reviewing such candidates’ biographical information and qualifications and checking the candidates’ references. Qualified candidates are interviewed by at least one member of the Corporate Governance Committee. Using the input from this interview and other information, the Corporate Governance Committee evaluates whether the candidate is qualified to serve as a director and whether the Corporate Governance Committee should recommend to the Board of Directors that the Board nominate the candidate or elect the candidate to fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors. Candidates recommended by the Corporate Governance Committee are presented to the Board of Directors for selection as nominees to be presented for the approval of the stockholders or for election to fill a vacancy.

In general, the Corporate Governance Committee expects that a similar evaluation process would be used to evaluate candidates to be nominees for director positions recommended by stockholders.

As previously disclosed, pursuant to the Cooperation Agreement, the Company increased the size of the Board to twelve directors and appointed Mr. Choi to the Board and Compensation Committee, in January 2016, and subsequently increased the size of the Board to thirteen directors and appointed Mr. Viswanathan to the Board, in March 2016. The Corporate Governance Committee expects that an evaluation process similar to the one described above will be used to evaluate any replacement director, which may be recommended by SRS pursuant to the terms of the Cooperation Agreement. SRS has agreed to vote its shares of the Company’s common stock in favor of the Company’s nominees and other proposals at the 2016 Annual Meeting, subject to certain limited exceptions.

Diversity

While the Board has not adopted a formal policy with respect to diversity, the Corporate Governance Committee believes it is important that nominees for the Board represent diverse viewpoints and backgrounds. The Corporate Governance Committee is committed to advancing Board diversity, defined to include differences of viewpoint, professional experience, education, skill, race, gender and national origin, and as specified in its charter, considers diversity in the mix of qualifications, experience, attributes or skills considered in its process of identifying and evaluating candidates to be nominees to the Board of Directors.

Executive Committee

The Executive Committee has and may exercise all of the powers of the Board of Directors when the Board of Directors is not in session, including the power to authorize the issuance of stock, except that the Executive Committee has no power to (a) alter, amend or repeal the by-laws or any resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, (b) declare any dividend or make any other distribution to the stockholders of the Company, (c) appoint any member of the Executive Committee, or (d) take any other action which legally may be taken only by the full Board of Directors.

Succession Planning

The Board of Directors is responsible for the development, implementation and periodic review of a succession plan for our Chief Executive Officer and each senior executive, all of whom have been designated as members of our Senior Leadership Team (“SLT”).

In September 2015, the Company announced the implementation of a succession plan (the “2015 Succession Plan”) and announced the Board’s selection of Mr. De Shon, the Company’s then President, International, to become the Company’s next Chief Executive Officer, effective January 1, 2016. In connection with the implementation of the 2015 Succession Plan, the Company also announced that David B. Wyshner would assume the role of President of the Company, effective January 1, 2016, in addition to his responsibilities as Chief Financial Officer, and that Mark J. Servodidio, who was then Managing Director of Europe, would assume Mr. De Shon’s responsibilities in the International region.

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In developing the 2015 Succession Plan, the Board of Directors established a list of critical attributes and implemented a formal assessment process employing an external advisor to assess and develop successor candidates. The Board of Directors also oversaw the development of internal candidates, talent development plans, and engaged in mentoring to strengthen the skills and qualifications of such candidates.

Our Board of Directors believes that effective succession planning, and talent management and development play a critical role in safeguarding business capabilities, developing strong leadership quality and executive bench strength, and optimizing overall business development, operating performance, profitability and shareholder value.

The Board of Directors views succession planning as a continual process and intends to continue to engage in succession planning consistent with the process described above.

The Board of Directors has also developed an “emergency” succession plan in the event of an unexpected disability or inability of our Chief Executive Officer to perform his duties.

Related Person Transactions

There are no related person transactions that require reporting under SEC rules. The Company has adopted written procedures for the review, approval or ratification of transactions with related persons that apply to any transaction, arrangement or relationship in which:

 


the Company (including any of its subsidiaries) was, is or will be a participant; and


any related person (i.e., a director, executive officer, director nominee, or any greater than 5% beneficial owner, or any immediate family member of the foregoing, or any entity in which any of the foregoing persons is employed, or is a partner, principal or in a similar position, or has any greater than 5% beneficial interest) had, has or will have a direct or indirect interest.

Under the Company's related persons policy, transactions with related persons are reviewed in advance by the General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer and the Corporate Secretary of the Company, or in certain circumstances, as soon as possible thereafter. If it is determined by such officers that the transaction is a related person transaction and the amount involved exceeds $120,000:

 


The transaction will be submitted for review to the Audit Committee, or, under certain circumstances, to the Chairman of the Audit Committee (the “Chair”).


The Audit Committee or the Chair will then consider all relevant facts and circumstances available.


The Audit Committee or the Chair will approve only those transactions, determined in good faith to be in, or not inconsistent with, the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.

The Audit Committee reviews on an annual basis contributions by the Company in excess of $1,000, in the aggregate (other than contributions made pursuant to the Company’s matching contribution program for employees and directors), to a charitable organization at which a related person is actively involved with fund-raising or serves as a director, trustee or in a similar capacity.

Shareholder Engagement

We regularly conduct engagement and outreach efforts in order to communicate with existing and prospective shareholders, lenders, research analysts, rating agencies, governance firms and others. In 2015, our key engagement activities included numerous group and one-on-one investor meetings, conference calls accessible to all shareholders following each of our quarterly earnings releases, presentations at various investor conferences, and our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Numerous members of management, in addition to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, participated in these activities, each of which contained opportunities for shareholders and other constituents to provide feedback to management. In addition, we typically hold an investor day, in alternating years, with presentations from several members of senior management, and, in the past, certain of our Board members have attended investor days as well as other investor meetings, in addition to attending the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Our investor relations department is the key point of contact for shareholder interaction with the Company. Stockholders and other interested parties may access investor information about our Company through our website at www.avisbudgetgroup.com. The investor relations department coordinates institutional investor meetings with management, appearances at investor conferences and our quarterly earnings calls. We consider shareholder requests to meet with members of our Board of Directors on a case-by-case basis.

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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners

The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock as of March 4, 2016, by (i) each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (ii) each of the Company’s directors and each of its named executive officers (“NEOs”), and (iii) all of the Company’s directors and current executive officers, as a group.

                         

Name of Beneficial Owner

Total Amount of Shares
Beneficially Owned(1)

 

Percent of
Common
Stock Owned(2)

 

Of the Total Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned, Shares which
May be Acquired within 60 Days(3)

 

Principal Stockholders:**

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

SRS Investment Management, LLC(4)
1 Bryant Park, 39th Floor
New York, N.Y. 10036

 

9,500,000

   

 

   

9.9

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

Glenview Capital Management, LLC(5)
767 Fifth Avenue, 44th Floor
New York, N.Y. 10153

 

9,393,116

   

 

   

9.8

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

Fir Tree Inc.(6)
505 Fifth Avenue, 23rd Floor
New York, N.Y. 10017

 

8,581,509

   

 

   

9.0

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

Morgan Stanley(7)
1585 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036

 

7,102,227

   

 

   

7.4

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

The Vanguard Group, Inc.(8)
100 Vanguard Blvd.
Malvern, Pa. 19355

 

6,599,359

   

 

   

6.9

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

Iridian Asset Management LLC(9)
276 Post Road West
Westport, Conn. 06880

 

6,529,587

   

 

   

6.8

%

 

 

   

 

   

 

 

Marcato Capital Management LP(10)
Four Embarcadero Center, Suite 2100
San Francisco, Cal. 94111

 

5,717,175

   

 

   

6.0

%

 

 

   

   

 

 

Directors and Named Executive Officers:(11)(12)

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ronald L. Nelson(13)

 

1,495,046

   

 

   

1.6

%

 

 

   

585,000

   

 

 

Alun Cathcart

 

42,117

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

22,117

   

 

 

Brian J. Choi

 

736

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

736

   

 

 

Mary C. Choksi

 

58,563

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

24,463

   

 

 

Leonard S. Coleman

 

54,377

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

23,986

   

 

 

Larry D. De Shon

 

208,443

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

   

 

 

Jeffrey H. Fox

 

16,126

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

6,126

   

 

 

John D. Hardy, Jr.

 

19,186

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

19,186

   

 

 

Lynn Krominga

 

18,910

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

15,967

   

 

 

Eduardo G. Mestre

 

51,431

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

30,981

   

 

 

F. Robert Salerno

 

33,429

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

13,712

   

 

 

Stender E. Sweeney

 

35,255

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

34,032

   

 

 

Sanoke Viswanathan(14)

 

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

   

 

 

Joseph A. Ferraro

 

36,289

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

   

 

 

Mark J. Servodidio

 

89,425

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

   

 

 

David B. Wyshner

 

240,793

   

 

   

*

   

 

   

62,500

   

 

 

All Directors and Executive Officers as a group (20 persons)

 

2,658,029

(15)

 

 

   

2.8

%

 

 

   

926,463

(16)

 

 

 

 

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*

Amount represents less than 1% of outstanding Common Stock.

**

Information is based upon the assumption that there was no change in the beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock from the publicly filed information through March 4, 2016.

(1)

Shares beneficially owned include (i) direct and indirect ownership of shares, (ii) vested stock option awards, (iii) restricted stock units and (iv) director deferred stock units that may be settled or exercised within 60 days of March 4, 2016.

(2)

Based on 95,679,907 shares of Common Stock outstanding on March 4, 2016.

(3)

Includes (i) vested stock option awards, (ii) restricted stock units and (iii) director deferred stock units that may be settled or exercised within 60 days of March 4, 2016.

(4)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 9,500,000 shares of Common Stock by SRS Investment Management, LLC (“SRS”) and Karthik R. Sarma, as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13D/A under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. Such Schedule 13D indicates that SRS and Mr. Sarma share voting and dispositive power over the shares of Common Stock. Such Schedule 13D/A also indicates that SRS and Mr. Sarma have economic exposure to, and may be deemed to beneficially own, an additional 12,500,000 notional shares of Common Stock pursuant to cash-settled equity swaps. Such notional shares represent approximately 13.06% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding on March 4, 2016. The Schedule 13D/A indicates that SRS and Mr. Sarma do not have voting power or dispositive power with respect to the shares referenced in such swaps and disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares underlying such swaps.

(5)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 9,393,116 shares of Common Stock by Glenview Capital Management, LLC and Larry Robbins, as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on February 16, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that Glenview Capital Management, LLC and Mr. Robbins share voting and dispositive power over the shares of Common Stock.

(6)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 8,581,509 shares of Common Stock by Fir Tree Inc., as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on February 16, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that the beneficial ownership reported by Fir Tree Inc. includes 2,400,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of call options. Such Schedule 13G also indicates that Fir Tree Inc. has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares of Common Stock.

(7)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 7,102,227 shares of Common Stock by Morgan Stanley, as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on February 5, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that Morgan Stanley has sole voting power over 7,030,585 shares of Common Stock, shared voting power over 69,510 shares of Common Stock, and shared dispositive power over 7,102,227 shares of Common Stock.

(8)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 6,599,359 shares of Common Stock by The Vanguard Group, Inc., as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on February 10, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that The Vanguard Group, Inc. has sole voting power over 76,104 shares, shared voting power over 5,600 shares, sole dispositive power over 6,524,055 shares, and shared dispositive power over 75,304 shares of Common Stock.

(9)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 6,529,587 shares of Common Stock by Iridian Asset Management LLC, David L. Cohen and Harold J. Levy, as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on January 26, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that Iridian Asset Management LLC, David L. Cohen and Harold J. Levy are deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power over the shares of Common Stock.

(10)

Reflects beneficial ownership of 5,717,175 shares of Common Stock by Marcato Capital Management LP, as derived solely from information reported in a Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on February 16, 2016. Such Schedule 13G indicates that Marcato Capital Management LP and Richard T. McGuire III have shared voting and dispositive power over 5,717,175 shares of Common Stock and Marcato L.P. has shared voting and dispositive power over 1,396,286 shares of Common Stock, Marcato II, L.P. has shared voting and dispositive power over 94,746 shares of Common Stock, and Marcato International Master Fund, Ltd. has shared voting and dispositive power over 4,226,143 shares of Common Stock.

(11)

Includes shares of Common Stock underlying fully vested but unexercised options, as follows:

 

NEO

 

Shares of Stock Underlying Options

Mr. Nelson

 

585,000

Mr. Wyshner

 

62,500

 

(12)

For each non-employee director, (1) includes deferred stock units held under the Non-Employee Directors Deferred Compensation Plan, which, pursuant to the terms of the Plan, will be distributed in the form of Common Stock on a one-to-one basis as soon as reasonably practicable following such director’s retirement or termination of service from the Board for any reason (“Director Shares”), and (2) excludes deferred stock units held under the plan, which pursuant to the terms of the Plan will be distributed seven months following such director’s retirement or termination of service from the Board for any reason (“Director Deferred Shares”), as follows:

 

Director

 

Director
Shares

 

Director Deferred
Shares

 

Director

 

Director
Shares

 

Director Deferred
Shares

Mr. Cathcart

 

22,117

 

 

Mr. Hardy

 

19,186

 

34,889

Mr. Choi

 

736

 

 

Ms. Krominga

 

15,967

 

37,939

Ms. Choksi

 

24,463

 

35,584

 

Mr. Mestre

 

30,981

 

32,979

Mr. Coleman

 

23,986

 

45,301

 

Mr. Salerno

 

13,712

 

Mr. Fox

 

6,126

 

 

Mr. Sweeney

 

34,032

 

32,679

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mr. Viswanathan

 

 

 

(13)

Mr. Nelson’s beneficial ownership includes 15,472 shares of Common Stock held by a family trust, for which Mr. Nelson’s wife is a trustee. Mr. Nelson disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by the trust.

(14)

Mr. Viswanathan was appointed to the Board on March 18, 2016 and did not beneficially own any outstanding shares of Common Stock as of such date.

(15)

Excludes 219,371 Director Deferred Shares.

(16)

Represents 191,306 Director Shares, 575,000 shares of Common Stock underlying fully vested but unexercised options with a strike price of $0.79, 160,000 shares of Common Stock underlying fully vested but unexercised options with a strike price of $11.53, and 157 restricted stock units vesting within 60 days of March 4, 2016.

 

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Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company’s executive officers and directors, and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent of a registered class of the Company’s equity securities, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the SEC. As a practical matter, the Company typically assists its directors and executive officers by monitoring transactions and completing and filing Section 16 reports on their behalf. The Company believes that all filings required to be made under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during 2015 were timely made, with the exception of an amended Form 3 filed on behalf of our President, Americas on January 23, 2015, to correct the inadvertent omission of holdings reportable on Table II.

Executive Officers

The present executive officers of the Company are set forth in the table below. All executive officers are appointed at the annual meeting or interim meetings of the Board of Directors. Each executive officer is appointed by the Board of Directors to hold office at the discretion of the Board of Directors and may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors with or without cause.

Name

Offices or Positions To be Held

Larry D. De Shon

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer

Ronald L. Nelson

Executive Chairman of the Board

David B. Wyshner

President and Chief Financial Officer

W. Scott Deaver

Executive Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer

Joseph A. Ferraro

President, Americas

Edward P. Linnen

Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer

Mark J. Servodidio

President, International

Michael K. Tucker

Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer

David T. Calabria

Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

Biographical information for our Executive Chairman and our Chief Executive Officer is set forth above under “Board of Directors—Biographical Information for Nominees.” Biographical information for all other present executive officers is set forth below.

Name

Biographical Information

David B. Wyshner

Mr. Wyshner, age 48, has been Chief Financial Officer since August 2006 and also became the Company’s President in January 2016. Previously, Mr. Wyshner held the title of Senior Executive Vice President from October 2011 until December 2015 and Executive Vice President from August 2006 until October 2011. Mr. Wyshner also served as Treasurer from August 2006 to November 2007. Previously, Mr. Wyshner held several key roles within Cendant, starting in 1999, including Executive Vice President and Treasurer, and Vice Chairman of the Travel Services Division, which included the Avis and Budget vehicle rental businesses. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Wyshner was a Vice President in Merrill Lynch & Co.'s investment banking division.

W. Scott Deaver

Mr. Deaver, age 64, has been Executive Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer since October 2015. Previously, Mr. Deaver held several positions with the Company, including as Executive Vice President, Chief Strategy and Development Officer, Executive Vice President, Strategy and Pricing and Executive Vice President, Marketing. Mr. Deaver started employment with one of the Company's predecessor companies in 1989.

Joseph A. Ferraro

Mr. Ferraro, age 58, has been President, Americas since January 2015. Previously, Mr. Ferraro held the title of Senior Vice President, North America Operations from October 2011 to December 2014. Mr. Ferraro joined the Company in 1979, and served in various positions of increasing responsibility in the Company’s North American operations.

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Name

Biographical Information

Edward P. Linnen

Mr. Linnen, age 46, has been Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer since January 2015. Previously, Mr. Linnen held the title of Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer from February 2013 until January 2015, and Senior Vice President, Human Resources for North America from October 2011 to February 2013. Mr. Linnen joined the Company in 2001, and served in several positions in the Company's human resources function, including as Vice President, Labor Relations & International Human Resources, Vice President, Domestic Human Resources, and Field Human Resources Director. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Linnen served in various positions within human resources at Kraft Foods Inc. and Nabisco, Inc.

Mark J. Servodidio

Mr. Servodidio, age 50, has been President, International since October 2015. Previously, Mr. Servodidio held several positions with the Company, including Managing Director, Europe, Executive Vice President for Franchise and Corporate Services, Europe, Middle East and Africa, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer, Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resource Officer, and Executive Vice President, Human Resources. Mr. Servodidio joined Avis in April 2001 as Senior Vice President, Human Resources. Prior to joining Avis, Mr. Servodidio was with Kraft Foods, Inc. (formerly Nabisco). Prior thereto, he served in various leadership roles at PepsiCo, Inc.

Michael K. Tucker

Mr. Tucker, age 58, has been Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer since April 2010. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Tucker was in private practice, serving as managing partner at the law firm of Tucker Associates and Of Counsel at the law firm of Lowe & Savage from 2007. Prior thereto, Mr. Tucker was Division General Counsel with Tyco International Ltd. from 2005. Prior to joining Tyco, Mr. Tucker served in senior legal positions with General Electric Company, including division senior counsel of GE Transportation and senior vice president and general counsel of GE Capital International Services. Prior to joining General Electric, Mr. Tucker was associated with the law firms of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, Bingham Dana LLP, and Csaplar & Bok.

David T. Calabria

Mr. Calabria, age 41, has been Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer since September 2015. Previously, Mr. Calabria held the title of Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company from May 2014 until September 2015. Mr. Calabria joined the Company in 2004 and held roles of increasing responsibility within the Company's Treasury function, including as Vice President and Assistant Treasurer. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Calabria was a Vice President in ABS Conduit Administration at JPMorganChase Bank and was an accountant with PricewaterhouseCoopers.

 

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Executive Compensation

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

We refer you to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for additional information regarding our financial results discussed below. In this proxy statement, we refer to Adjusted EBITDA, which we define as income from continuing operations before non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization, any impairment charge, restructuring expense, early extinguishment of debt costs, non-vehicle related interest, transaction-related costs and income taxes. This non-GAAP measure is a performance metric in our incentive programs and a reconciliation is provided under “Analysis of 2015 Pay Decisions.” When we refer to “the Committee” in this “Executive Compensation” section, we are referring to the Compensation Committee.

Executive Summary

2015 Company Performance

Our Company reported record results in 2015, achieving $8.5 billion in revenue and $903 million in Adjusted EBITDA, a year-over-year increase of 3%.  On a constant-currency basis, our revenue and Adjusted EBITDA grew 5% and 9%, respectively.  We also returned capital to our shareholders in 2015 through the repurchase of a record 8.8 million shares of common stock, representing 8% of our outstanding shares.  In spite of these records, our 2015 financial results were below the business plan goals we set for ourselves, and in 2015 our stock price declined, after having increased from $10.72 to $66.33 over the prior three years.  Since 2011, we have spent more than $1.0 billion on share and convertible note repurchases, which together have reduced our diluted share count by 22% from its peak in 2011. Our 2015 financial results reflect a continued focus on managing costs and driving efficiency as well as more investment in technology than ever before.

 

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2015 Strategic Accomplishments

In 2015, the Company also:

 


acquired Maggiore Group, a leading provider of vehicle rental services in Italy;


acquired the remaining equity interest in its Brazilian licensee, the Company’s licensees in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and its Avis licensee in Poland, which enabled the Company to expand its presence in Brazil and Europe;


continued to focus on managing costs, driving efficiency, enhancing the customer experience it offers and leveraging technology through both existing and new initiatives;


invested in the strength of its brands through geographic expansion, advertising, loyalty programs and marketing relationships with third parties; and


continued to operate the world’s leading car sharing network through its ownership of Zipcar.

2015 Compensation

In 2015, following a long-standing succession planning process, our Board announced that it had selected Larry D. De Shon as the Company's next chief executive officer, succeeding Ronald L. Nelson, who held the position since 2006. Mr. De Shon, who at the time of announcement was the Company's President, International, became President and Chief Operating Officer effective October 1, 2015, and assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer on January 1, 2016. Mr. De Shon was also appointed to the Board, effective October 1, 2015. Mr. Nelson has agreed to continue as executive chairman to ensure a smooth transition of CEO responsibilities to Mr. De Shon.

In addition, David B. Wyshner assumed the role of the Company's President, effective January 1, 2016, adding to his responsibilities as Chief Financial Officer. Mark J. Servodidio, formerly Managing Director, Europe, was promoted and assumed Mr. De Shon's regional leadership responsibilities as President, International, and Joseph Ferraro continues to lead the Company's Americas region as President, Americas.

We believe that the management transitions described above have been implemented seamlessly and that the Company had a strong internal talent pool to draw upon to fill its leadership positions because of the Company’s successful talent development efforts over the last several years.

Compensation for our named executive officers (“NEOs”) in 2015 increased primarily as a result of the implementation of our succession plan, as described above (the “2015 Succession Plan”). In connection with the 2015 Succession Plan, Mr. De Shon and Mr. Wyshner each received a special promotion restricted stock unit award with a grant date value of $3.0 million, and Mr. Nelson received a special transition restricted stock unit award with a grant date value of $2.0 million. Because our 2015 global Adjusted EBITDA results were below our business plan goals, most of our NEOs received below-target payouts under the annual incentive program in keeping with our pay-for-performance philosophy.

Compensation Practices

We believe that our compensation programs reflect sound practices, such as:

 


executive stock ownership guidelines with significant share ownership requirements and a requirement that an amount equal to 50% of net shares that vest must also be held for twelve months;


80% of our NEOs have achieved our share ownership threshold requirements;


an executive compensation recoupment (or “clawback”) policy with respect to incentive compensation;


a policy prohibiting executives from entering into speculative (or hedging) transactions in our securities;


no excise tax gross-up or single-trigger change-in-control provisions; and


no tax gross-ups on executive perquisites except with respect to relocation and expatriate benefits.

Our Named Executive Officers

This discussion addresses executive compensation in 2015 for our named executive officers, who are:

 


Ronald L. Nelson—currently our Executive Chairman. Mr. Nelson was our Chief Executive Officer through December 31, 2015 and is referred to herein as our “Executive Chairman” and/or “2015 CEO”;


Larry D. De Shon—our Chief Executive Officer, effective January 1, 2016, and our Chief Operating Officer (our “New CEO”). Mr. De Shon assumed the role of Chief Operating Officer on October 1, 2015 and is sometimes referred to herein as our Chief Operating Officer (our “COO”);


David B. Wyshner—our President and Chief Financial Officer (our “CFO”);


Joseph A. Ferraro—our President, Americas; and

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Mark J. Servodidio—our President, International.

Given that Mr. De Shon held the role of President, International until October 1, 2015, Mr. De Shon, Mr. Ferraro and Mr. Servodidio are sometimes referred to herein collectively as the “Regional Presidents.”

Philosophy, Components and Mix of Executive Compensation

“Pay for performance” continues to be a fundamental tenet of our compensation philosophy, which includes the core principles of rewarding the attainment of appropriately challenging performance goals and aligning our executives’ objectives with our stockholders’ interests. The Committee also believes that executive compensation should be designed to attract and retain a high-caliber leadership team and take into consideration competitive practices and the overall market for executive talent.

Compensation for our NEOs is typically comprised of the following components:

Component

Function and Objective

Base Salary

Base salaries are paid in the form of cash and provide a fixed and competitive form of annual compensation for the performance of primary responsibilities at a level consistent with each executive’s experience and role. Base salaries are designed to provide competitive compensation to attract and retain exceptional executive talent.

Annual Incentive Awards

Annual incentives are comprised of annual performance-based cash incentive opportunities, and reward our executives upon achieving or exceeding specific annual performance goals using performance metrics approved by the Committee and that the Company believes are appropriate measures of operational and financial performance.

Long-Term Incentive Awards

Long-term incentive awards are designed to attract and retain a highly qualified executive team, align executive rewards with stockholder interests, provide an incentive for our executives to achieve appropriately challenging long-range performance goals, and allow our executives to share in the value created for the Company’s stockholders.

Other Compensation

We provide certain health, life insurance, disability and retirement benefits, which are all part of our broad-based employee benefits program. Retirement benefits for our NEOs (other than our President, Americas) are limited to (i) deferrals under the Company’s deferred compensation plan for executives, which the Company matches up to a maximum of 6% of base salary and annual incentive, and/or (ii) participation in our 401(k) plan. Other executive benefits and perquisites include auto use and financial planning services. Our New CEO, our Executive Chairman and our CFO also are provided with limited personal use of Company-leased aircraft services.

 

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Analysis of 2015 Pay Decisions

Compensation for our 2015 CEO

The Company achieved record financial performance and achieved one-year shareholder return of 64% in 2014. In light of these results and Mr. Nelson’s willingness to extend his agreement with the Company in 2014 through December, 31, 2016, the Committee increased Mr. Nelson’s annual base salary for 2015 from $1.15 to $1.25 million. The Committee also awarded Mr. Nelson a predominantly performance-based long-term incentive opportunity, with a grant date target value of $5.0 million, representing an 11% increase in grant date target value compared to 2014. Consistent with 2014 and prior years, the Committee maintained a target payout of 150% of base salary for the annual performance-based incentive, as further described under “Annual Incentive Program for all NEOs.”

The long-term incentive award is predominantly performance-based, with 70% of the target award subject to the attainment of performance goals. The Committee determined that a long-term incentive award comprised of a mix of predominantly performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) was appropriate, considering our pay-for-performance philosophy.

In accordance with past practice for CEO awards, the Committee selected as one performance goal the relative total shareholder return of our Company’s stock compared to that of the companies comprising the Russell 1000 Index (“Relative TSR”) with a two-year measurement period. The Committee also acknowledged that achievement of $950 million to $1.0 billion of Adjusted EBITDA in 2015 would be a significant achievement and important milestone for the Company. Accordingly, the award provided for vesting based on Relative TSR as set forth below; however, the award could also vest at threshold through target levels (i.e., 50% to 100% of target) in 2016 if Adjusted EBITDA for 2015 was $950 million to $1.0 billion, after giving pro forma effect to certain acquisition synergies and other strategic initiatives. The Committee believed that the goals were adequately rigorous given that our stock price at the beginning of the measurement period for the TSR goal was close to an all-time high for the Company and that the Adjusted EBITDA goal, at target, was set $75 million above the Company’s business plan goal. The Committee also recognized that a number of strategic initiatives were put in place under our 2015 CEO’s leadership that would drive incremental benefits for the future.

Relative TSR (compared to the Russell 1000 Index) over Two-Year Measurement Period ending January 21, 2017*

Achievement Level**
(as a % of target
units awarded)

75th Percentile or Higher

150%

Median of Index

100%

35th Percentile

50%

25th Percentile

25%

<25th Percentile

0%

 

*Based on average closing prices for the 90-trading day periods prior to the beginning and end of the performance period. The average closing price for the beginning of the performance period was $58.82.

**Straight-line interpolation is used for achievement between the specified goals.

Adjusted EBIDTA achievement under the terms of the 2015 PSU award was $951 million, and accordingly the award vested at 51% of target. This achievement resulted from the Company’s achievement of Adjusted EBITDA of $903 million, adjusted, pursuant to the terms of the award, by $61 million (i) to give pro forma effect to estimated benefits from synergies associated with acquisitions completed prior to the grant date and strategic initiatives under the Company’s strategic plan and (ii) for foreign exchange. These positive adjustments were offset by a negative adjustment of $13 million for Adjusted EBITDA attributable to significant acquisitions completed after the grant date.

The portion of the 2015 PSU award which did not vest remains outstanding until January 2017 and is eligible to vest if the Company achieves Relative TSR above the 35th percentile in accordance with the table above. In connection with the announcement of the 2015 Succession Plan, Mr. Nelson was granted a time-based restricted stock unit (“RSU”) award with a grant date value of $2.0 million. The award is scheduled to vest, subject to continued service, on December 31, 2016. The award was granted in recognition of Mr. Nelson’s appointment to Executive Chairman to assist in the transition of CEO responsibilities to Mr. De Shon and in recognition of Mr. Nelson’s involvement in facilitating the development and management of the 2015 Succession Plan.

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Consistent with our past practice, the majority of compensation for our 2015 CEO was performance-based.


*

Pay mix reflects values as disclosed in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding Other Compensation, which represented 2% of total 2015 CEO compensation.

2016 Compensation for our New CEO and our Executive Chairman

In connection with the process undertaken by the Committee to implement our 2015 Succession Plan, which included input from the Committee’s compensation consultant, the Committee and the Board determined in 2015 that compensation for 2016 for our New CEO and our Executive Chairman should include:

 


For our New CEO. A base salary of $1.0 million and a target annual incentive of 150% of base salary, effective January 1, 2016.


For our Executive Chairman. A base salary of $800,000, effective January 1, 2016.

In addition, in 2016, the Committee awarded:

 


our New CEO a long-term incentive opportunity with a grant date value, at target, of $3.0 million, 70% of which is performance-based; and


our Executive Chairman an equity award with a grant date value, at target, of $2.0 million, 50% of which is performance-based.

2015 Base Salaries for our CFO and Regional Presidents

Salaries for our NEOs are typically determined based on factors such as our past practice, reasonable comparability with Peer Group pay data and Survey Data (as described under “Consideration of Peer Groups and Survey Data”) and each NEO’s responsibilities, capabilities and skills, commitment to our business, leadership and drive to add value. For our CFO, the Committee also considers the size and complexity of our balance sheet and capital structure.

In the beginning of 2015, the Committee approved $25,000 salary increases for Mr. Wyshner and Mr. De Shon following an annual review of market data and in consideration of the Company’s 2014 performance. Mr. Ferraro’s base salary was determined in connection with his appointment to the position of President, Americas effective January 1, 2015 and was based on the Company’s past practices with respect to positions of similar scope and responsibility and a market review. Mr. Servodidio’s base salary was reviewed and determined by the Committee at the time of his appointment in October 2015 to the role of President, International; however, the Committee determined that his base salary for 2016 would be determined in accordance with the same process used to determine base salary for our President, Americas in early 2016.

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Annual Incentive Awards for all NEOs

In establishing the 2015 annual performance-based incentive program, the Committee determined that the design should remain consistent with past practice and that target payouts as a percentage of base salary should remain consistent with 2014 levels. Accordingly, the targets for 2015 were 150% for our 2015 CEO, 100% for our COO, CFO and President, Americas, and 75% for our President, International, with payout opportunities ranging from 25% to 200% of target.

Consistent with past practice, the performance metric for our 2015 annual incentive program was Adjusted EBITDA, which is a key measure of operational and financial performance and is driven by profitable sales and our strategic plan. The performance goals, presented below, were set based on the Company’s 2015 business plan. At target, the global goal represented a 6% increase compared to 2014 Adjusted EBITDA.

               

Achievement
Level

Payout
Opportunity
(% of Target)*

2015 Adjusted EBITDA Goals
(Dollars in Millions)

Global**

Americas

International

Maximum

200%

$

1,110

 

$

872

 

$

305

 

Target

100%

$

925

 

$

727

 

$

254

 

Threshold

25%

$

833

 

$

654

 

$

229

 

 

*

Straight-line interpolation is used for achievement between the specified goals.

**

Includes unallocated corporate expenses.

Global achievement under the 2015 annual incentive program was 97% of target. This achievement level resulted from the Company’s attainment of Adjusted EBITDA of $903 million, which was reduced to $901 million in accordance with the terms of the program.1 Accordingly, actual payouts as a percentage of target for NEO were as follows:

NEO

Actual Payout
(% of Target)

Regional Weighting

Global

Americas

International

CEO

87%

100%

CFO

87%

100%

COO*

105%

100%

President, Americas

65%

25%

75%

President, International*

90%

25%

75%

 

*

Reflects weighting as of December 31, 2015.

1

Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA for purposes of determining payouts under our annual incentive program includes adjustments in certain circumstances for significant acquisitions (as defined) and for certain other items, including foreign exchange. Adjustments were made (i) to exclude Adjusted EBITDA results from significant acquisitions completed after January 1, 2015 and (ii) for foreign exchange, and the impact to our reported results was ($2) million. A reconciliation of our reported global Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2015 of $903 million to net income is set forth below (dollars are in millions):

 

         

Adjusted EBITDA

$

903

 

Less:

Non-vehicle depreciation and amortization

 

218

 

 

Interest expense related to corporate debt, net:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

194

 

 

 

Early extinguishment of debt

 

23

 

 

Transaction-related costs

 

68

 

 

Restructuring expense

 

18

 

Income before income taxes

 

382

 

Less:

Provision for income taxes

 

69

 

Net income

$

313

 

 

 

We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful as a supplemental measure in evaluating the aggregate performance of our operating businesses and in comparing our results from period to period. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors because it allows investors to assess our financial condition and results of operations on the same basis that management uses internally. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income or other income statement data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

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2015 Long-Term Incentive Awards for our CFO and Regional Presidents

For 2015, the Committee maintained the design of the regular long-term incentive program (the “2015 LTIP”). Awards granted to our CFO and our Regional Presidents under the 2015 LTIP had grant date target values that were also generally consistent with past practice, with the exception of Mr. Ferraro, who received a one-time increase in grant date value of $1.0 million designed to recognize his promotion to his current role of President, Americas, effective January 1, 2015. Typically, fifty percent of the target 2015 LTIP awards consisted of RSUs, and fifty percent consisted of PSUs.

The following factors were reviewed to determine the appropriate type of equity to be granted: perceived value to award recipients to effect retention and incentive goals, a general review of peer practices, the degree of alignment with stockholder interests, potential dilution and projected expense balanced with the value delivered to award recipients. Based on an analysis of these factors, the Committee determined that an equal mix, at target, of PSUs and RSUs would:

 


align incentives with stockholders’ focus on profitability and financial performance;


reflect the relevant decision-making impact of the individual and the impact of those decisions on the Company; and


incentivize retention of key employees over the longer term.

Adjusted EBITDA, with three-year cumulative goals, was selected as the primary performance metric for the PSUs granted under the 2015 LTIP based on the importance of this measure to our Company’s long-term profitable growth. The target goal was based on the Company’s 2014 results, plus a growth rate over the performance period, which, on average, is higher on an annual basis than the growth rate reflected in the annual incentive program. The Committee considered whether different or additional performance metrics should be utilized for the Company’s 2015 LTIP; however, the Committee elected to maintain a simple program design and focus on Adjusted EBITDA, which is the metric the Committee believed would be most likely to drive shareholder value and is the metric each NEO has the greatest ability to impact. The Committee intends to continue to consider whether different or additional performance metrics should be utilized for the Company’s future incentive programs.

 

Adjusted EBITDA goals for the 2015 LTIP are as follows:

       

Achievement Level

Achievement Level*
(as a % of target units awarded)

Cumulative Three-Year
Adjusted EBITDA Goal
(Dollars in millions)

Maximum

125%

$

3,359

 

Target

100%

$

3,054

 

Threshold

50%

$

2,749

 

* Straight-line interpolation is used for achievement between the specified goals.

As in prior years, a Relative TSR metric was also included to reflect the importance of total shareholder return to our stockholders. So long as the threshold Adjusted EBITDA goal is achieved, vesting can be increased by up to 20% if the following Relative TSR goals are achieved:

Relative TSR
Over Three-Year
Measurement Period

Increase*

≥60th Percentile

20%

55th Percentile

10%

≤50th Percentile

0%

* Straight-line interpolation is used for achievement between the specified goals.

In September 2015, Mr. De Shon and Mr. Wyshner were also awarded special promotion long-term incentives to recognize their new roles to be assumed in connection with the implementation of the 2015 Succession Plan. Each award consisted of RSUs with a grant date value of $3.0 million and is scheduled to vest ratably on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date, and generally subject to continued service through the vesting date.

Setting CEO and Other NEO Compensation

Our Board has assigned to the Committee the responsibility to approve compensation for all NEOs, including our CEO. The roles and duties of participants in the decision-making process for our executive program and their duties are summarized below.

Role of the Independent Compensation Consultant

Consistent with its charter, the Committee continued its engagement of Pay Governance LLC, a compensation consulting firm, to work with the Committee and the Company as an adviser on executive compensation matters in 2015. The compensation consultant reports to, and is directed by, the Committee, which retains the authority to retain or terminate compensation advisers. In early 2015, the Committee reviewed information regarding the independence and potential conflicts of interest of Pay Governance, taking into account, among other things, the factors set forth in the NASDAQ listing standards. Based

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on this review, the Committee concluded that the engagement of Pay Governance did not raise any conflict of interest. Outside of services provided for the Committee and advice to the Corporate Governance Committee related to compensation of non-employee directors, the compensation consultant did not provide additional services to the Company in 2015.

Compensation Decisions

In the case of NEOs other than the CEO, our Human Resources staff develops recommendations as to the level of compensation for each pay component generally based on position scope (defined as the executive’s relative responsibilities compared to others within the Company and the individual’s potential impact on Company operations), and the individual’s experience level and performance in addition to the factors discussed under “Analysis of 2015 Pay Decisions” above. Performance criteria and goals are recommended by our Human Resources staff based on the Company’s business plan and goals, with input from the CFO and his staff. Recommendations related to the mix of compensation elements generally reflect a review of practices of our Peer Group (as defined below) and are typically designed to take into consideration past practice and our strategy to tie a greater portion of total target compensation to variable versus fixed compensation.

Each recommendation is then discussed with our CEO for feedback and final approval. Final recommendations are reviewed with the compensation consultant and the Chairman of the Committee to ensure that they are consistent with the Committee’s expectations and the Company’s compensation philosophy, and ultimately submitted to the Committee for consideration. The Committee has the ultimate right and authority to revise and/or approve recommendations of management.

Our CEO’s compensation is determined by the Committee, working directly with the compensation consultant. The Committee determines each component of our CEO’s compensation, taking into consideration our CEO’s performance as well as market and Peer Group data and other factors such as level of experience and responsibilities, leadership, skill, contributions to the Company and the size and complexity of the Company’s balance sheet and operations.

Risk Assessment

In approving annual and long-term incentive awards for our NEOs, the Committee assesses the risks associated with the adoption of these awards, including the performance measures and goals for the awards, and for 2015, concluded that the incentive awards approved would not be likely to encourage excessive risk-taking. Consistent with past practice, management also reviewed the Company’s compensation policies and practices for employees generally with the Chairmen of the Audit and Compensation committees and the Company’s compensation consultant to determine whether these programs create incentives that might motivate inappropriate or excessive risk-taking. For additional information, please see “Functions and Meetings of the Board of Directors—Risk Management and Risk Assessment.”

Consideration of Peer Groups and Survey Data

Given that there is an insufficient number of public companies in the car rental sector to establish a sufficiently large peer group, peer companies are selected to supplement the one other U.S.-based publicly traded car rental company with additional companies from industry sectors that are viewed as most relevant to our business based on the following criteria: company size based on revenue as the primary factor, headcount, market capitalization, enterprise value, and debt and assets. Given our capital structure, we place a greater emphasis on enterprise value than market capitalization when developing the peer group. The Company’s peer group consists of the following 16 companies (the “Peer Group”):

AutoNation Inc.
Carmax, Inc.
Carnival Corporation
Cintas Corporation
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.
J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.
Marriott International, Inc.
Norfolk Southern Corporation
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Pitney Bowes Inc.
RR Donnelley & Sons Company
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd.
Ryder System, Inc.
Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide
Waste Management, Inc.
Wyndham Worldwide Corporation

The current Peer Group was initially approved in 2011 and reviewed in subsequent years. In 2015, the Committee approved the replacement of Office Depot, Inc. with Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. following the announcement of a merger between Office Depot and Staples. The Committee reviewed pay data of the Peer Group, as previously discussed, applying regression analysis as needed that adjusts for the differences in revenue size within the Peer Group to ensure reasonable comparability of the pay packages of our NEOs. The Committee does not specifically target any percentile

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within the Peer Group when setting overall compensation, any individual element of compensation or the relative pay mix among different elements of compensation. The Committee expects to review the Peer Group from time to time in order to ensure that the component companies continue to meet the criteria for which they were selected, as well as to identify other companies that may become appropriate for inclusion.

The Committee recognizes that our executives have opportunities available to them in a range of industries and that any peer group for the Company will have some inherent limitations given the absence of a large sample of public companies in the vehicle rental business. In order to compare ourselves to a broad set of general industry market data available, the Committee also reviews widely-used survey data from consulting firms such as Aon Hewitt and Towers Watson for companies that have revenue comparable to ours (the “Survey Data”) as another data point. The Survey Data2 represent data from over 1,000 companies sized according to revenue, assets and number of employees.

In 2015, the Committee considered the Survey Data for each element of the 2015 compensation and benefits package as a general check and to ensure reasonable comparability. Consideration of the Peer Group and the Survey Data represented just two factors considered in setting executive compensation for 2015. Please refer to “Analysis of 2015 Pay Decisions” for the other factors considered in setting executive compensation for 2015.

2

While the Survey Data include a general list of participating companies, each survey provides information on a “no-names” basis—i.e., for each position comparison, it does not identify by name which companies comparable in revenue size to our Company produced results for each position matched, and thus we are unable to list the comparable companies that are included in the Survey Data utilized.

Committee Consideration of the Company’s 2015 Stockholder Vote on Executive Compensation

The Committee reviewed the results of the Company’s stockholder advisory vote on executive compensation (“Say on Pay”) in 2015. At the 2015 annual meeting of stockholders, over 97% of the votes cast were in support of the Company’s Say on Pay proposal. Based on the 2015 Say on Pay results and feedback from stockholders, the Committee concluded that the Company’s overall compensation program as it relates to its NEOs enjoys the support of the Company’s stockholders and does not require revision to address any broad stockholder concerns.

Policy Related to Equity Awards

Our practice is to grant long-term incentive awards at pre-established meetings of the Committee. Annual long-term incentive awards, which typically include the awards granted to all of the NEOs, are usually approved on the date of the first regularly scheduled Committee meeting each year. However, the Committee retains the ability to determine, and has in the past determined, that another grant date may be appropriate in certain circumstances. Awards are also approved at each of the other pre-established Committee meetings typically for executives hired or promoted since the prior meeting. In connection with valuing the grants of stock-based awards, it is our policy generally to use, as the grant or strike price for any stock-based compensation vehicle, the closing price of our Common Stock on the date the Committee approves the award. The Committee typically approves a dollar amount for each restricted unit award, which is then divided by the closing price of our Common Stock on the date of grant to arrive at the number of restricted units to be granted.

Executive Stock Ownership Guidelines

Our executive stock ownership guidelines require senior officers to acquire and hold designated levels of Avis Budget Common Stock. Under these guidelines, our CEO is required to retain 100%, and other NEOs are required to retain a minimum of 50% of the net shares (net of taxes) obtained upon the vesting of restricted stock awards and of vested stock options, until reaching the following specified ownership thresholds:

Officer(s)

Threshold

CEO

Five times base salary

Other NEOs

Three times base salary

Given the mandatory hold provision until thresholds are obtained, there is no specified deadline for achieving designated thresholds. For purposes of the executive stock ownership guidelines, stock ownership is defined to include stock owned by the executive directly, stock owned indirectly through the Company’s savings plan, and the “in-the-money” portion of vested stock options. Eighty percent of our NEOs have exceeded the applicable specified ownership threshold.

Following attainment of ownership thresholds, our NEOs are required, for a period of one year, to hold an amount equal to 50% of the net shares obtained upon the vesting of any equity award and 50% of all stock options that vest.

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Employment and Change of Control Agreements; Severance Arrangements

To foster the retention of our key management team, we initially entered into employment agreements with our 2015 CEO and our CFO in 2006. We consider it essential to the best interests of our stockholders to foster the continued employment of key management personnel. Thus, in connection with the 2015 Succession Plan, we also entered into an employment agreement with our New CEO on terms that were substantially similar to those in place for our 2015 CEO, except that cash severance payable in connection with a termination without cause or as a result of constructive discharge reflected a reduction to 200% of the sum of base salary plus target bonus from 299%. The Company subsequently entered into amendments to the agreements with our Executive Chairman, and President and CFO to reduce cash severance payable in similar circumstances to 200% of the sum of base salary plus target bonus from 299%. As a result, no executive officer is currently entitled to, under any employment agreement:

 


cash severance in excess of 200% of the sum of base salary plus target bonus;


accelerated vesting of any stock-based awards scheduled to vest more than two years following termination; or


vesting of any performance-based equity awards other than based on actual achievement of the applicable performance goals.

We have also entered into a severance agreement with our President, Americas and our President, International, under which the Company seeks to provide these officers with appropriate protections consistent with prevailing market practices.

A more fulsome description of the Company’s agreements with our NEOs is set forth below under the heading “Employment Agreements and Other Arrangements,” and the benefits that would be received by our NEOs in the event of termination without cause or a change in control are set forth below under the heading “Termination, Severance and Change of Control Arrangements.”

Perquisites and Benefits

Avis Budget seeks to provide perquisites to its executives that are consistent with those provided by Peer Group companies. Our perquisites currently consist primarily of financial planning services, auto use or allowance, discounted auto insurance, auto leasing through the employee lease program and limited personal use of Company-leased aircraft services. In 2015, Mr. De Shon and Mr. Servodidio, who were based in the United Kingdom through October 2015 and for all of 2015, respectively, were also provided with expatriate benefits associated with a Company-requested long-term assignment to the United Kingdom. The Company does not provide tax reimbursements on perquisites for any of our NEOs other than relocation and expatriate benefits in accordance with the Company’s standard policies.

The Company pays annual dues for a membership in a private, not-for-profit dining club for use by our CEO primarily for Company-sponsored meetings. Employees, including our NEOs, may also receive tickets for professional baseball games held at Yankee Stadium, which are part of the Company’s season ticket subscription, and do not result in an associated incremental cost to our Company. Our ticket allocation policy is generally seniority-based, with a valid business purpose superseding any personal use. We will continue to review our compensation and benefit programs to ensure that we remain competitive with comparable companies and are able to attract and retain highly qualified senior executives.

Anti-Hedging Policy

The Company’s insider trading policy prohibits executive officers and directors from, among other things, (i) engaging in hedging transactions with respect to Company securities, including through the use of financial instruments such as prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, collars and exchange funds, and (ii) holding Company securities in a margin account or otherwise pledging Company securities as collateral for a loan. Short sales of the Company’s securities are also prohibited under such policy.

Recoupment (Clawback) Policy

Our Board of Directors has adopted a policy that provides that if the Board learns of any intentional misconduct by an “executive officer” (as defined under Section 16 of the Exchange Act) that resulted in an increase to incentive income awarded to that officer, the Board will, to the full extent permitted by applicable law, in all appropriate cases, require reimbursement of the increased portion of incentive income awarded to that officer. We intend to amend our clawback policy, if necessary, to comply with any rules adopted by the SEC.

Deductibility of Compensation

Section 162(m) of the Code limits our ability to deduct certain compensation in excess of $1.0 million per year paid to the Company’s chief executive officer and to certain of our other named executive officers (the “covered

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NEOs”). This limitation does not apply to compensation that qualifies under applicable regulations as “performance-based.” We aim to design the performance-based compensation we pay to our NEOs so that it will satisfy the requirements for deductibility under Section 162(m); however, the Committee is authorized to exercise discretion in determining payments in relation to levels of achievement of performance goals and believes that the total compensation program for executive officers should be managed in accordance with the objectives outlined in our compensation philosophy and in the best overall interests of our stockholders. For this reason, some compensation intended to be performance-based may exceed the limitations or not meet the requirements for deductibility under Section 162(m).

Compensation Committee Report

The Avis Budget Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement.

THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
John D. Hardy, Jr., Chairman
Brian J. Choi
Leonard S. Coleman
Jeffrey H. Fox
Lynn Krominga

 

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Summary Compensation Table

                                     

Name and
Principal Position
as of December 31, 2015

Year

Salary
($)(a)

Bonus
($)

Stock
Awards
($)(b)

Option
Awards
($)

Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)(c)

Change in
Pension
Value and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)(d)

All
Other
Comp
($)(e)

Total
($)

Nelson, Ronald L.
Chairman and CEO

 

2015

   

1,244,521

   

   

7,982,712

   

   

1,678,933

   

   

250,797

   

11,156,963

 
 

2014

   

1,150,000

   

   

5,731,437

   

   

1,983,750

   

   

306,814

   

9,172,001

 
 

2013

   

1,150,000

   

   

4,021,195

   

   

1,811,250

   

   

293,252

   

7,275,697

 

Wyshner, David B.
Senior Executive Vice
President and CFO

 

2015

   

723,630

   

   

4,565,861

   

   

652,500

   

   

116,296

   

6,058,287

 
 

2014

   

700,000

   

   

1,285,445

   

   

805,000

   

   

123,765

   

2,914,210

 
 

2013

   

680,769

   

   

1,289,439

   

   

714,808

   

   

142,283

   

2,827,299

 

De Shon, Larry D.
President and
Chief Operating Officer

 

2015

   

748,836

   

   

4,445,440

   

   

815,769

   

   

2,878,218

   

8,888,263

 
 

2014

   

700,000

   

   

2,535,459

   

   

805,000

   

   

1,231,014

   

5,271,473

 
 

2013

   

680,769

   

   

1,289,439

   

   

816,923

   

   

842,811

   

3,629,942

 

Ferraro, Joseph A.
President, Americas

 

2015

   

570,137

   

   

2,409,041

   

   

382,716

   

   

21,162

   

3,383,056

 
 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Servodidio, Mark J.
President, International

 

2015

   

512,603

   

 

   

842,029

   

 

   

357,663

   

   

1,168,530

   

2,880,825

 

 

(a)

Salary includes amounts deferred under the Company's Deferred Compensation Plan or 401(k) Plan.

(b)

Represents the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. Assumptions used in the calculation of the grant date fair value of the 2015 stock awards are included in Note 16 to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, included in our 2015 Form 10-K. The grant date value of the 2015 stock awards assuming achievement of the highest level of performance conditions are: for Mr. Nelson, $8,749,997; Mr. De Shon, $4,500,025; Mr. Wyshner, $4,624,995; Mr. Ferraro, $2,500,018; and Mr. Servodidio, $862,497. Awards granted in 2015 are further discussed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (the “CD&A”).

(c)

Amounts reflected were earned based on achievement of annual performance goals established for each year, pursuant to the Company's Amended and Restated Equity and Incentive Plan and include deferrals under the Company's Deferred Compensation Plan.

(d)

For Mr. Ferraro, the reported change in pension value during the year represents the increased value accumulated in the Avis Rent A Car

System, LLC Pension Plan. During 2015, such value decreased by $1,635, primarily driven by a change in the discount rate. Avis froze its qualified defined benefit pension plan to new participation and future benefit accruals as of December 31, 1998. Please see the “Pension Benefits Table” below for further information regarding this plan.

(e)

All Other Compensation includes the personal benefits and perquisites presented in the following tables. Amounts for Mr. De Shon for 2014 and 2013 reflect reductions compared to previously reported amounts in order to more accurately reflect the incremental cost to the Company of tax equalization payments and reimbursements in respect of expatriate and relocation benefits, all in accordance with the Company’s standard policies.

 

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All Other Compensation Table

                         

Name

Year

Company
Contributions
To Deferred
Compensation
Plans
($)(a)

Perquisites
($)(b)

Expatriate,
Relocation
and Other
Benefits
($)(c)

Tax
Equalization and
Reimbursement
($)(d)

Total All Other
Compensation
($)

Mr. Nelson

 

2015

   

175,407

   

74,634

   

756

   

   

250,797

 

 

 

2014

   

188,025

   

118,033

   

756

   

   

306,814

 

 

 

2013

   

177,675

   

114,701

   

876

   

   

293,252

 

Mr. Wyshner

 

2015

   

82,568

   

32,972

   

756

   

   

116,296

 

 

 

2014

   

90,300

   

32,709

   

756

   

   

123,765

 

 

 

2013

   

83,735

   

57,672

   

876

   

   

142,283

 

Mr. De Shon

 

2015

   

93,876

   

39,038

   

278,690

   

2,466,614

   

2,878,218

 

 

 

2014

   

90,300

   

59,026

   

353,449

   

728,239

   

1,231,014

 

 

 

2013

   

64,015

   

36,327

   

326,455

   

416,014

   

842,811

 

Mr. Ferraro

 

2015

   

   

20,618

   

544

   

   

21,162

 

Mr. Servodidio

 

2015

   

52,216

   

24,502

   

300,748

   

791,064

   

1,168,530

 

 

(a)

Represents Company matching contributions to a non-qualified deferred compensation plan maintained by the Company for the benefit of certain of our executive officers. Under this plan, participants are permitted to defer compensation, with the Company matching contributions up to a 6% cap under the terms of the plan. For Mr. De Shon, amounts for 2013 include $15,000 in respect of a Company match under the Company’s 401(K) plan.

(b)

Represents the perquisites presented in the table below.

(c)

Represents the value of insurance premiums paid by the Company for a broad-based life insurance benefit. For Mr. De Shon and Mr. Servodidio, amounts also include expatriate and relocation benefits in connection with long-term assignments to the United Kingdom as set forth below:

 

             

 

 

Mr. De Shon ($)*

 

Year

Housing Allowance

Relocation Benefits

Other Allowances**

Total

 

 

2015

 

208,709

12,866

56,359

277,934

 

 

2014

 

264,563

--

88,130

352,693

 

 

2013

 

239,795

3,919

81,865

325,579

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mr. Servodidio ($)*

 

 

Year

 

Housing Allowance

Relocation Benefits

Other Allowances**

Total

 

 

2015

 

192,100

--

108,081

300,181

 

 

*Reflects a £/$ exchange rate as of the date paid, received or allocated.

**Includes allowances for home leave, utilities, and a goods and services differential to make up for the difference in prices between the home and host locations. For Mr. Servodidio, the amount also includes reasonable car rental costs for his accompanying spouse while on assignment.

(d)

For Mr. De Shon and Mr. Servodidio, amounts represent the incremental cost to the Company of tax equalization and other tax related payments associated with long-term assignments to the United Kingdom, all in accordance with the Company’s standard policies. For 2015, estimates of these values are reported, and are based on currently available information. Actual 2015 values may differ, and are subject to change based on additional credits due to the Company or liabilities incurred by the Company related to filings for the 2015/2016 tax year in the United Kingdom. The estimated year-over-year increase in Mr. De Shon’s amounts represents increased tax equalization payments primarily as a result of the increase in the value of vested stock awards in January 2015 compared to January 2014 given the increase in the Company’s stock price over this period and the increase in the portion of vested stock awards subject to UK taxation. Per the Company’s standard policy, expatriate benefits and reimbursements are discontinued at the end of an assignment. However, tax equalization and other tax related payments may continue, but only to the extent that additional liabilities related to the foreign assignment are incurred.

 

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Perquisites Table

                     

Name

Year

Personal
Use of
Company
Aircraft
($)(a)

Financial
Services
($)(b)

Car
($)(c)

Total
Perquisites
($)(d)(e)

Mr. Nelson

 

2015

   

27,814

   

13,973

   

26,434

   

74,634

 

 

 

2014

   

74,820

   

14,056

   

19,207

   

118,033

 

 

 

2013

   

67,896

   

14,019

   

24,536

   

114,701

 

Mr. Wyshner

 

2015

   

   

12,972

   

20,000

   

32,972

 

 

 

2014

   

   

12,709

   

20,000

   

32,709

 

 

 

2013

   

25,258

   

12,414

   

20,000

   

57,672

 

Mr. De Shon

 

2015

   

5,512

   

11,752

   

18,174

   

39,038

 

 

 

2014

   

28,487

   

11,519

   

19,020

   

59,026

 

 

 

2013

   

   

11,254

   

21,823

   

36,327

 

Mr. Ferraro

 

2015

   

   

972

   

19,146

   

20,618

 

Mr. Servodidio

 

2015

   

   

11,752

   

12,750

   

24,502

 

 

(a)

Under our aircraft policy, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company has reasonable non-business access to leased jet services, subject to prevailing market practices. Our Executive Chairman and our President and CFO also have reasonable non-business access to leased jet services; for our Executive Chairman, such access may not exceed $75,000 per year, and for our President and CFO, access is subject to availability and is not to exceed ten hours per year, unless approved by our New CEO in his sole discretion. The incremental cost of personal use of the leased jet services was calculated based on the contracted per hour cost, which includes flight-specific direct operating costs such as standard fuel, maintenance, repairs, catering and miscellaneous fees such as variable fuel surcharge as applicable, and international fees for travel outside the U.S. Since the aircraft is leased primarily for business travel, fixed costs, such as crew salaries, training, hangaring, insurance and services support are not included. Spouses of NEOs are occasionally additional passengers on business flights provided by our leased jet services. In such cases, there is no incremental cost to the Company, and as a result, no amount is reflected in the table.

(b)

For Mr. Nelson, includes reimbursement for financial services provided by an approved outside vendor up to a maximum of $12,000. For the other NEOs, other than Mr. Ferraro, includes actual costs we incurred for financial services, including tax return preparation, financial planning and estate planning. Amounts also include Company-paid premiums in connection with a group excess liability umbrella insurance policy, which for 2015 were $1,973 for Mr. Nelson and $972 for our other NEOs.

(c)

Represents the annual lease value of a Company-provided car, or annual car allowance, for Messrs. Nelson, Wyshner, Ferraro and Servodidio. For Mr. Servodidio, reflects a £/$ exchange rate as of the beginning of the vehicle use period. For Mr. De Shon, represents the value for personal use of taxi or car service in lieu of a Company-provided car for the period of January 1, 2015 through October 31, 2015; and reflects an average £/$ exchange rate through October 31, 2015. For Mr. De Shon, the value also includes the lease value of a Company-provided car for the period covering October 28, 2015 through December 31, 2015. All NEOs participate in the Company's employee auto insurance program and employee car lease program; however, no amounts are included for these programs as the Company does not incur any associated incremental cost.

(d)

For Mr. Nelson, includes: (i) annual dues of $1,413 paid by the Company for a corporate private club membership used primarily for Company-sponsored meetings; however, no amounts are included for occasional personal use of this membership by Mr. Nelson as the Company does not incur any associated incremental cost; and (ii) discretionary matching contributions made by The Avis Budget Group Charitable Foundation of $5,000.

(e)

Amounts include payments for annual physical examinations (annual costs for any NEO did not exceed $3,600).

 

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table

                                               

Name

Award Type

Grant/
Approval
Date

Estimated Possible Payouts
Under Non-Equity Incentive
Plan Awards

Estimated Future Payouts
Under Equity Incentive
Plan Awards

All
Other
Stock
Awards
Number
of
Shares
of Stock
or Units
(#)(c)

All Other
Option
Awards
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Options
(#)

Exercise
or Base
Price of
Options
Awards
($/SH)

Grant
Date Fair
Value of
Stock and
Option
Awards
($)(d)

Threshold
($)(a)

Target
($)(a)

Maximum
($)(a)

Threshold
(#)(b)

Target
(#)(b)

Maximum
(#)(b)

Mr. Nelson

Bonus

 

   

466,695

   

1,866,781

   

3,733,562

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

24,522

   

   

   

1,500,011

 

 

Performance-

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

14,305

   

57,218

   

85,826

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

4,482,692

 

 

based

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

9/15/15

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

43,908

   

 

   

 

   

2,000,009

 

Mr. Wyshner

Bonus

 

   

180,908

   

723,630

   

1,447,260

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

10,626

   

   

   

649,992

 

 

Performance-

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

5,313

   

10,626

   

15,939

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

915,855

 

 

based

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

9/15/15

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

65,862

   

 

   

 

   

3,000,014

 

Mr. De Shon

Bonus

 

   

187,209

   

748,836

   

1,497,672

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

9,809

   

   

   

600,017

 

 

Performance-

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

4,905

   

9,809

   

14,713

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

845,409

 

 

based

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

9/15/15

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

65,862

   

 

   

 

   

3,000,014

 

Mr. Ferraro

Bonus

 

   

142,534

   

570,137

   

1,140,274

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

16,348

   

   

   

1,000,007

 

 

Performance-

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

8,174

   

16,348

   

24,522

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

1,409,034

 

 

based

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Mr. Servodidio

Bonus

 

   

96,113

   

384,452

   

768,904

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

Time-based

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

8,583

   

   

   

525,022

 

 

Performance-

 

1/21/2015

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

1,839

   

3,678

   

5,517

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

317,007

 

 

based

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

(a)

A discussion of the 2015 annual incentive performance-based incentive program is included in the CD&A. The amounts earned for 2015 annual incentives are set forth in the Summary Compensation Table.

(b)

Represents awards of PSUs. For Mr. Nelson, PSUs are scheduled to vest on January 21, 2017, based on Relative TSR goals; however, earlier vesting was also possible based on attainment of Adjusted EBITDA goals, and vesting of 51% of the target award occurred in February 2016, as discussed in the CD&A under “Compensation for our 2015 CEO”; the balance of the award remains outstanding, subject to attainment of Relative TSR goals. For other NEOs, PSUs vest on January 21, 2018, subject to continued service, based on Adjusted EBITDA goals and a Relative TSR modifier, as more fully described in the CD&A under “Long Term Incentive Awards.”